Dataset Information

The Role of Maternally Acquired Antibody in Providing Protective Immunity Against Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Urban Vietnamese Infants: A Birth Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) organisms are a major cause of gastroenteritis and bacteremia, but little is known about maternally acquired immunity and natural exposure in infant populations residing in areas where NTS disease is highly endemic.

Methods

We recruited 503 pregnant mothers and their infants (following delivery) from urban areas in Vietnam and followed infants until they were 1 year old. Exposure to the dominant NTS serovars, Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis, were assessed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen-specific antibodies. Antibody dynamics, the role of maternally acquired antibodies, and NTS seroincidence rates were modeled using multivariate linear risk factor models and generalized additive mixed-effect models.

Results

Transplacental transfer of NTS LPS-specific maternal antibodies to infants was highly efficient. Waning of transplacentally acquired NTS LPS-specific antibodies at 4 months of age left infants susceptible to Salmonella organisms, after which they began to seroconvert. High seroincidences of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis LPS were observed, and infants born with higher anti-LPS titers had greater plasma bactericidal activity and longer protection from seroconversion.

Conclusions

Although Vietnamese infants have extensive exposure to NTS, maternally acquired antibodies appear to play a protective role against NTS infections during early infancy. These findings suggest that prenatal immunization may be an appropriate strategy to protect vulnerable infants from NTS disease.

SUBMITTER: de Alwis R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6306017 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The Role of Maternally Acquired Antibody in Providing Protective Immunity Against Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Urban Vietnamese Infants: A Birth Cohort Study.

de Alwis Ruklanthi R Tu Le Thi Phuong LTP Quynh Nhi Le Thi NLT Thompson Corinne N CN Anders Katherine L KL Van Thuy Nguyen Thi NT Hieu Nguyen Trong NT Vi Lu Lan LL Chau Nguyen Van Vinh NVV Duong Vu Thuy VT Chau Tran Thi Hong TTH Tuyen Ha Thanh HT Nga Tran Vu Thieu TVT Minh Pham Van PV Tan Trinh Van TV Thu Trang Nguyen Hoang TNH Nhu Tran Do Hoang TDH Thwaites Guy E GE Simmons Cameron C Baker Stephen S

The Journal of infectious diseases 20190101 2

<h4>Background</h4>Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) organisms are a major cause of gastroenteritis and bacteremia, but little is known about maternally acquired immunity and natural exposure in infant populations residing in areas where NTS disease is highly endemic.<h4>Methods</h4>We recruited 503 pregnant mothers and their infants (following delivery) from urban areas in Vietnam and followed infants until they were 1 year old. Exposure to the dominant NTS serovars, Salmonella enterica serovars Ty ...[more]

PMID: 30321351

Similar Datasets

Project description:Invasive infections with nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) lead to bacteremia in children and adults and are an important cause of illness in Africa; however, few data on the burden of NTS bacteremia are available. We sought to determine the burden of invasive NTS disease in a rural and urban setting in Kenya.We conducted the study in a population-based surveillance platform in a rural setting in western Kenya (Lwak), and an informal urban settlement in Nairobi (Kibera) from 2009 to 2014. We obtained blood culture specimens from participants presenting with acute lower respiratory tract illness or acute febrile illness to a designated outpatient facility in each site, or any hospital admission for a potentially infectious cause (rural site only). Incidence was calculated using a defined catchment population and adjusting for specimen collection and healthcare-seeking practices.A total of 12 683 and 9524 blood cultures were analyzed from Lwak and Kibera, respectively. Of these, 428 (3.4%) and 533 (5.6%) grew a pathogen; among those, 208 (48.6%) and 70 (13.1%) were positive for NTS in Lwak and Kibera, respectively. Overall, the adjusted incidence of invasive NTS disease was higher in Lwak (839.4 per 100,000 person-years of observation [PYO]) than in Kibera (202.5 per 100,000 PYO). The highest adjusted incidences were observed in children <5 years of age (Lwak 3914.3 per 100,000 PYO and Kibera 997.9 per 100,000 PYO). The highest adjusted annual incidence was 1927.3 per 100,000 PYO (in 2010) in Lwak and 220.5 per 100,000 PYO (in 2011) in Kibera; the lowest incidences were 303.3 and 62.5 per 100,000 PYO, respectively (in 2012). In both sites, invasive NTS disease incidence generally declined over the study period.We observed an extremely high burden of invasive NTS disease in a rural area of Kenya and a lesser, but still substantial, burden in an urban slum. Although the incidences in both sites declined during the study period, invasive NTS infections remain an important cause of morbidity in these settings, particularly among children <5 years old.

Project description:BackgroundThe aim of the study was to determine the rate of cytomegalovirus virolactia in the human milk (HM) of mothers of VLBW infants, compare the CMV infection rates and the changes in CMV DNA viral load and nutrient profile among different HM preparation methods.MethodsA prospective randomized controlled study was performed in infants with gestational age < 32 weeks or birth-weight < 1500 g admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Asan Medical Center and Haeundae Paik Hospital who were given mother's own milk. Enrolled infants were randomized into three groups according to the HM preparation methods: freezing-thawing (FT), FT + low-temperature Holder pasteurization (FT + LP), and FT + high-temperature short-term pasteurization (FT + HP). Urine CMV culture and PCR were obtained at birth and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. HM CMV culture and PCR were obtained at birth and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks. Changes in macronutrients in HM was obtained at 4 ~ 6 weeks.ResultsOf 564 infants, 217 mothers (38.5%) produced CMV PCR positive milk. After exclusion, a total of 125 infants were randomized into the FT (n = 41), FT + LP (n = 42), and FT + HP (n = 42) groups, whose rate of HM-acquired CMV infection was 4.9% (n = 2), 9.5% (n = 4), and 2.4% (n = 1), respectively. Out of seven CMV infected infants, two infants fed with FT + LP HM developed CMV infection- associated symptoms. Ages at diagnoses were earlier (28.5 days after birth) and at younger post conceptional age (< 32 weeks) in comparison to infants with asymptomatic CMV infection. CMV DNA viral load significantly decreased after pasturizations, especially in FT + HP group.ConclusionsHM-acquired symptomatic CMV infection rate is low and its impact on clinical course was not serious in our VLBW infants. However, evidences showing poor neurodevelopmental outcome in later life, we need to generate a guideline to protect VLBW infant form HM transmitted CMV infection. Based on our small sized study, we did not find any superiority in pasteurizing HM with frequently used LP in comparison to frozen or HP HM. More research is needed to determine the method and duration of pasteurization to reduce the HM-acquired CMV infection.

Dataset Information

The Role of Maternally Acquired Antibody in Providing Protective Immunity Against Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Urban Vietnamese Infants: A Birth Cohort Study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The Role of Maternally Acquired Antibody in Providing Protective Immunity Against Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Urban Vietnamese Infants: A Birth Cohort Study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets