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Effects of Six-Month Aerobic Exercise Intervention on Sleep in Healthy Older Adults in the Brain in Motion Study: A Pilot Study.

ABSTRACT: Background:Sleep disturbances have been shown to be associated with the presence of the apolipoprotein (APOE) ?4 allele, the well-known genetic risk factor for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective:This study quantifies the effects of a six-month aerobic exercise intervention on objective and subjective sleep quality in middle-aged to older individuals including those at increased genetic risk for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), who carry the apolipoprotein (APOE) ?4 risk allele. Methods:199 sedentary men and women without significant cognitive impairments were enrolled in the Brain in Motion study, a quasi-experimental single group pre-test/post-test study with no control group. Participants completed a six-month aerobic exercise intervention and consented to genetic testing. Genotyping of APOE confirmed that 54 individuals were carriers of the ?4 allele. Participants' subjective quality of sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) pre- and post-intervention. A convenience sample of participants (n?=?29, APOE ?4+?=?7) consented to undergo two nights of in-home polysomnography (PSG) pre- and post intervention. Sleep architecture and respiratory variables were assessed. Results:The six-month aerobic exercise intervention significantly improved participants' total PSQI score, sleep efficiency, and sleep latency in the full sample (n?=?199). PSG results showed that total sleep time and sleep onset latency significantly improved over the course of the exercise intervention only in individuals who carried the APOE ?4 allele. These results are, however, exploratory and need to be carefully interpreted due to the rather small number of APOE ?4+ in the PSG subgroup. Conclusions:The six-month aerobic exercise intervention significantly improved participants' sleep quality with beneficial effects on PSG shown in individuals at increased genetic risk for late-onset sporadic AD.

SUBMITTER: Guadagni V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6311349 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Six-Month Aerobic Exercise Intervention on Sleep in Healthy Older Adults in the <i>Brain in Motion</i> Study: A Pilot Study.

Guadagni Veronica V Clark Cameron M CM Tyndall Amanda A Raneri Jill K JK Parboosingh Jillian S JS Hogan David B DB Hanly Patrick J PJ Poulin Marc J MJ

Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 20181224 1

<h4>Background</h4>Sleep disturbances have been shown to be associated with the presence of the apolipoprotein (<i>APOE</i>) <i>ɛ</i>4 allele, the well-known genetic risk factor for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD).<h4>Objective</h4>This study quantifies the effects of a six-month aerobic exercise intervention on objective and subjective sleep quality in middle-aged to older individuals including those at increased genetic risk for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), who ca ...[more]

PMID: 30599044

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The ability to walk and perform cognitive tasks simultaneously is a key aspect of daily life. Performance declines in these dual-tasks may be associated with early signs of neurodegenerative disease and increased risk of falls. Thus, interventions to improve dual-task walking performance are of great interest for promoting healthy aging. Here, we present results of a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effects of a simultaneous aerobic exercise and cognitive training intervention on dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults. METHODS:Community-dwelling, healthy older adults were recruited to participate in a 12-week RCT. Participants were randomized into one of four groups (n = 74): 1) cognitive training (COG), 2) aerobic exercise (EX), 3) combined aerobic exercise and cognitive training (EXCOG), and 4) video-watching control (CON). The COG and EXCOG groups both used a tablet-based cognitive training program that challenged aspects of executive cognitive function, memory, and processing speed. Performance on a dual-task walking test (DTWT; serial subtraction during two-minute walk) was assessed by researchers blinded to groupings before the intervention, and at 6 and 12 weeks. We included all participants randomized with baseline measurements in an intention to treat analysis using linear mixed effects models. RESULTS:We found a significant group by time interaction for cognitive performance on the DTWT (p = 0.039). Specifically, participants in the EXCOG, EX, and COG groups significantly improved on the cognitive aspect of the DTWT following the full 12-week intervention (p = 3.5e-7, p = 0.048, p = 0.048, respectively). The improvements in EXCOG were twice as large as in the other groups, and were significant at 6 weeks (p = 0.019). The CON group did not show a significant change in cognitive performance on the DTWT, and no group significantly altered dual-task gait measures following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS:A simultaneous aerobic exercise and cognitive training intervention significantly improved cognitive performance during a DTWT in healthy older adults. Despite no change in DTWT gait measures, significant improvements in cognitive performance indicate that further investigation in a larger RCT is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04120792, Retrospectively Registered 08 October 2019.

Project description:Previous studies have indicated that aerobic exercise could reduce age related decline in cognition and brain functioning. Here we investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on intrinsic brain activity. Sixty sedentary healthy males and females (64-78 years) were randomized into either an aerobic exercise group or an active control group. Both groups recieved supervised training, 3 days a week for 6 months. Multimodal brain imaging data was acquired before and after the intervention, including 10 min of resting state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL). Additionally, a comprehensive battery of cognitive tasks assessing, e.g., executive function and episodic memory was administered. Both the aerobic and the control group improved in aerobic capacity (VO2-peak) over 6 months, but a significant group by time interaction confirmed that the aerobic group improved more. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not observe any significant group by time interactions with regard to any measure of intrinsic activity. To further probe putative relationships between fitness and brain activity, we performed post hoc analyses disregarding group belongings. At baseline, VO2-peak was negativly related to BOLD-signal fluctuations (BOLDSTD) in mid temporal areas. Over 6 months, improvements in aerobic capacity were associated with decreased connectivity between left hippocampus and contralateral precentral gyrus, and positively to connectivity between right mid-temporal areas and frontal and parietal regions. Independent component analysis identified a VO2-related increase in coupling between the default mode network and left orbitofrontal cortex, as well as a decreased connectivity between the sensorimotor network and thalamus. Extensive exploratory data analyses of global efficiency, connectome wide multivariate pattern analysis (connectome-MVPA), as well as ASL, did not reveal any relationships between aerobic fitness and intrinsic brain activity. Moreover, fitness-predicted changes in functional connectivity did not relate to changes in cognition, which is likely due to absent cross-sectional or longitudinal relationships between VO2-peak and cognition. We conclude that the aerobic exercise intervention had limited influence on patterns of intrinsic brain activity, although post hoc analyses indicated that individual changes in aerobic capacity preferentially influenced mid-temporal brain areas.

Dataset Information

Effects of Six-Month Aerobic Exercise Intervention on Sleep in Healthy Older Adults in the Brain in Motion Study: A Pilot Study.

Publications

Effects of Six-Month Aerobic Exercise Intervention on Sleep in Healthy Older Adults in the <i>Brain in Motion</i> Study: A Pilot Study.

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