Dataset Information

Comparison of the Allergenicity and Immunogenicity of Camel and Cow's Milk-A Study in Brown Norway Rats.

ABSTRACT: When breastfeeding is impossible or insufficient, the use of cow's milk-based hypoallergenic infant formulas is an option for infants suffering from or at risk of developing cow's milk allergy. As the Camelidae family has a large evolutionary distance to the Bovidae family and as camel milk differs from cow's milk protein composition, there is a growing interest in investigating the suitability of camel milk as an alternative to cow's milk-based hypoallergenic infant formulas. The aim of the study was to compare the allergenicity and immunogenicity of camel and cow's milk as well as investigating their cross-reactivity using a Brown Norway rat model. Rats were immunised intraperitoneally with one of four products: camel milk, cow's milk, cow's milk casein or cow's milk whey fraction. Immunogenicity, sensitising capacity, antibody avidity and cross-reactivity were evaluated by means of different ELISAs. The eliciting capacity was evaluated by an ear swelling test. Camel and cow's milk showed similarity in their inherent immunogenicity, sensitising and eliciting capacity. Results show that there was a lower cross-reactivity between caseins than between whey proteins from camel and cow's milk. The study showed that camel and cow's milk have a low cross-reactivity, indicating a low protein similarity. Results demonstrate that camel milk could be a promising alternative to cow's milk-based hypoallergenic infant formulas.

SUBMITTER: Maryniak NZ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6315711 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of the Allergenicity and Immunogenicity of Camel and Cow's Milk-A Study in Brown Norway Rats.

Maryniak Natalia Zofia NZ Hansen Egon Bech EB Ballegaard Anne-Sofie Ravn AR Sancho Ana Isabel AI Bøgh Katrine Lindholm KL

Nutrients 20181204 12

<h4>Background</h4>When breastfeeding is impossible or insufficient, the use of cow's milk-based hypoallergenic infant formulas is an option for infants suffering from or at risk of developing cow's milk allergy. As the Camelidae family has a large evolutionary distance to the Bovidae family and as camel milk differs from cow's milk protein composition, there is a growing interest in investigating the suitability of camel milk as an alternative to cow's milk-based hypoallergenic infant formulas. ...[more]

PMID: 30518040

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Project description:BackgroundSeveral studies demonstrated the adverse effect of milk processing on the allergy-protective capacity of raw cow's milk. Whether milk processing also affects the allergenicity of raw milk is hardly investigated.ObjectiveTo assess the allergenicity of raw (unprocessed) and processed cow's milk in a murine model for food allergy as well as in cow's milk allergic children.MethodsC3H/HeOuJ mice were either sensitized to whole milk (raw cow's milk, heated raw cow's milk or shop milk [store-bought milk]) and challenged with cow's milk protein or they were sensitized and challenged to whey proteins (native or heated). Acute allergic symptoms, mast cell degranulation, allergen-specific IgE levels and cytokine concentrations were determined upon challenge. Cow's milk allergic children were tested in an oral provocation pilot with organic raw and conventional shop milk.ResultsMice sensitized to raw milk showed fewer acute allergic symptoms upon intradermal challenge than mice sensitized to processed milk. The acute allergic skin response was low (103 ± 8.5 µm vs 195 ± 17.7 µm for heated raw milk, P < 0.0001 and vs 149 ± 13.6 µm for shop milk, P = 0.0316), and there were no anaphylactic shock symptoms and no anaphylactic shock-induced drop in body temperature. Moreover, allergen-specific IgE levels and Th2 cytokines were significantly lower in raw milk sensitized mice. Interestingly, the reduced sensitizing capacity was preserved in the isolated native whey protein fraction of raw milk. Besides, native whey protein challenge diminished allergic symptoms in mice sensitized to heated whey proteins. In an oral provocation pilot, cow's milk allergic children tolerated raw milk up to 50 mL, whereas they only tolerated 8.6 ± 5.3 mL shop milk (P = 0.0078).Conclusion and clinical relevanceThis study demonstrates that raw (unprocessed) cow's milk and native whey proteins have a lower allergenicity than their processed counterparts. The preclinical evidence in combination with the human proof-of-concept provocation pilot provides evidence that milk processing negatively influences the allergenicity of milk.

Dataset Information

Comparison of the Allergenicity and Immunogenicity of Camel and Cow's Milk-A Study in Brown Norway Rats.

Publications

Comparison of the Allergenicity and Immunogenicity of Camel and Cow's Milk-A Study in Brown Norway Rats.

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