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Molecular authentication of Anthemis deserti Boiss. (Asteraceae) based on ITS2 region of nrDNA gene sequence.

ABSTRACT: The dried plant material of medicinally important Anthemis deserti Boiss. (family: Asteraceae) especially when it remains in the powdered form often look similar to Anthemis melampodina Del.; and therefore, difficult to distinguish, finally lead to chances of adulteration. The adulteration in medicinal plants effects on the efficacy of the drugs. The molecular authentication of herbal plant materials such as based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) is considered as more reliable method compared to other the biochemical or histological methods. The present study aims to molecular authentication ofA. deserti based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS2 gene sequence of nrDNA region. The ITS2 region of nrDNA of A. deserti were sequenced, and the molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed together with the GenBank sequences. The Maximum Parsimony tree revealed the close relationships of A. deserti with A. melampodina; however, the Neighbor-Joining and Maximum Likelihood tree clearly revealed that A. deserti is distinct from A. melampodina, which is also supported by the differences in nucleotides at five diffident positions (i.e. 22, 28, 87, 175 and 198) in the DNA sequence alignment.

SUBMITTER: Ajmal Ali M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6319191 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Atractylodes species are widely distributed across East Asia and are cultivated as medicinal herbs in China, Japan, and Korea. Their unclear morphological characteristics and low levels of genetic divergence obscure the taxonomic relationships among these species. In this study, 24 plant samples were collected representing five species of Atractylodes located in China; of these, 23 belonged to members of the A. lancea complex. High-throughput sequencing was used to obtain the concatenated nrDNA sequences (18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S) and plastid genomes. The concatenated nrDNA sequence lengths for all the Atractylodes species were 5,849 bp, and the GC content was 55%. The lengths of the whole plastid genome sequences ranged from 152,138 bp (A. chinensis) to 153,268 bp (A. lancea), while their insertion/deletion sites were mainly distributed in the intergenic regions. Furthermore, 33, 34, 36, 31, and 32 tandem repeat sequences, as well as 30, 30, 29, 30, and 30 SSR loci, were detected in A. chinensis, A. koreana, A. lancea, A. japonica, and A. macrocephala, respectively. In addition to these findings, a considerable number of heteroplasmic variations were detected in the plastid genomes, implying a complicated phylogenetic history for Atractylodes. The results of the phylogenetic analysis involving concatenated nrDNA sequences showed that A. lancea and A. japonica formed two separate clades, with A. chinensis and A. koreana constituting their sister clade, while A. lancea, A. koreana, A. chinensis, and A. japonica were found based on plastid datasets to represent a mixed clade on the phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic network analysis suggested that A. lancea may have hybridized with the common ancestor of A. chinensis and A. japonica, while ABBA-BABA tests of SNPs in the plastid genomes showed that A. chinensis was more closely related to A. japonica than to A. lancea. This study reveals the extensive discordance and complexity of the relationships across the members of the A. lancea complex (A. lancea, A. chinensis, A. koreana, and A. japonica) according to cytonuclear genomic data; this may be caused by interspecific hybridization or gene introgression.

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Molecular authentication of Anthemis deserti Boiss. (Asteraceae) based on ITS2 region of nrDNA gene sequence.

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