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Elucidation of degrading pattern and substrate recognition of a novel bifunctional alginate lyase from Flammeovirga sp. NJ-04 and its use for preparation alginate oligosaccharides.

ABSTRACT: Background:The alginate oligosaccharides have been widely used in agriculture, medicine, and food industries due to their versatile physiological functions such as antioxidant, anticoagulant, and antineoplastic activities. The bifunctional alginate lyases can degrade the alginate polysaccharide more efficiently into alginate oligosaccharides. Therefore, it is crucial to discover new bifunctional alginate lyase for alginate oligosaccharide production. Results:Herein, a novel bifunctional alginate lyase FsAlgB was cloned and identified from deep-sea bacterium Flammeovirga sp. NJ-04, which exhibited broad substrate specificity and the highest activity (1760.8 U/mg) at pH 8.0 and 40 °C. Furthermore, the K m values of FsAlgB towards polyG (0.69 mM) and polyMG (0.92 mM) were lower than that towards sodium alginate (1.28 mM) and polyM (2.06 mM). Recombinant FsAlgB was further characterized as an endolytic alginate lyase, and it can recognize the tetrasaccharide as the minimal substrate and cleave the glycosidic bonds between the subsites of - 3 and + 1. Conclusion:This study provided extended insights into the substrate recognition and degrading pattern of alginate lyases with broad substrate specificity.

SUBMITTER: Zhu B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6327446 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Elucidation of degrading pattern and substrate recognition of a novel bifunctional alginate lyase from <i>Flammeovirga</i> sp. NJ-04 and its use for preparation alginate oligosaccharides.

Zhu Benwei B Ni Fang F Sun Yun Y Ning Limin L Yao Zhong Z

Biotechnology for biofuels 20190110

<h4>Background</h4>The alginate oligosaccharides have been widely used in agriculture, medicine, and food industries due to their versatile physiological functions such as antioxidant, anticoagulant, and antineoplastic activities. The bifunctional alginate lyases can degrade the alginate polysaccharide more efficiently into alginate oligosaccharides. Therefore, it is crucial to discover new bifunctional alginate lyase for alginate oligosaccharide production.<h4>Results</h4>Herein, a novel bifunc ...[more]

PMID: 30647773

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Project description:Bifunctional alginate lyases can efficiently degrade alginate comprised of mannuronate (M) and guluronate (G), but their substrate-degrading modes have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In this study, we present Aly1 as a novel bifunctional endolytic alginate lyase of the genus Flammeovirga The recombinant enzyme showed optimal activity at 50°C and pH 6.0. The enzyme produced unsaturated disaccharide (UDP2) and trisaccharide fractions as the final main alginate digests. Primary substrate preference tests and further structure identification of various size-defined final oligosaccharide products demonstrated that Aly1 is a bifunctional alginate lyase and prefers G to M. Tetrasaccharide-size fractions are the smallest substrates, and M, G, and UDP2 fractions are the minimal product types. Remarkably, Aly1 can vary its substrate-degrading modes in accordance with the terminus types, molecular sizes, and M/G contents of alginate substrates, producing a series of small size-defined saturated oligosaccharide products from the nonreducing ends of single or different saturated sugar chains and yielding unsaturated products in distinct but restricted patterns. The action mode changes can be partially inhibited by fluorescent labeling at the reducing ends of oligosaccharide substrates. Deletion of the noncatalytic region (NCR) of Aly1 caused weak changes of biochemical characteristics but increased the degradation proportions of small size-defined saturated M-enriched oligosaccharide substrates and unsaturated tetrasaccharide fractions without any size changes of degradable oligosaccharides, thereby enhancing the M preference and enzyme activity. Therefore, our results provided insight into the variable action mode of a novel bifunctional endolytic alginate lyase to inform accurate enzyme use.IMPORTANCE The elucidated endolytic alginate lyases usually degrade substrates into various size-defined unsaturated oligosaccharide products (≥UDP2), and exolytic enzymes yield primarily unsaturated monosaccharide products. However, it is poorly understood whether endolytic enzymes can produce monosaccharide product types when degrading alginate. In this study, we demonstrated that Aly1, a bifunctional alginate lyase of Flammeovirga sp. strain MY04, is endolytic and monosaccharide producing. Using various sugar chains as testing substrates, we also proved that key factors causing Aly1's action mode changes are the terminus types, molecular sizes, and M/G contents of substrates. Furthermore, the NCR fragment's effects on Aly1's biochemical characteristics and alginate-degrading modes and corresponding mechanisms were discovered by gene truncation and enzyme comparison. In summary, this study provides a novel bifunctional endolytic tool and a variable action mode for accurate use in alginate degradation.

Dataset Information

Elucidation of degrading pattern and substrate recognition of a novel bifunctional alginate lyase from Flammeovirga sp. NJ-04 and its use for preparation alginate oligosaccharides.

Publications

Elucidation of degrading pattern and substrate recognition of a novel bifunctional alginate lyase from <i>Flammeovirga</i> sp. NJ-04 and its use for preparation alginate oligosaccharides.

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