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Antimicrobial Activity of Amino-Derivatized Cationic Polysaccharides.

ABSTRACT: To improve the antimicrobial property of chitosan, water-soluble chitosan modified in their quaternary ammonium groups were synthesized. The antimicrobial properties were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis. The activities increased with increasing cationic charges and the length of the alkyl chain as follows amino-chitosan, dimethylaminoethyl-chitosan, dimethylpropyl amino-chitosan, dimethylamino-1-propyl-chitosan, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-chitosan, and quaternized DEAE-chitosan. The modified cationic chitosans showed high antimicrobial property against B. subtilis-Gram-positive bacteria, but were less active towards yeast (C. tropicalis and S. cerevisiae) and E. coli-Gram-negative bacteria. The simple structure of the Gram-positive bacteria may explain why the cationic chitosan derivatives are more active towards B. subtilis than yeast and E. coli. The target sites of the chitosan derivatives are assumed to be the cytoplasmic membranes of microorganisms. The antimicrobial activities were strongly dependent on the cationic charge and the molecular weight. It can be suggested that these cationic chitosan derivatives have potential as antimicrobial agents.

SUBMITTER: Patel SKS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6328405 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antimicrobial Activity of Amino-Derivatized Cationic Polysaccharides.

Patel Sanjay K S SKS Kim Jung-Hoe JH Kalia Vipin C VC Lee Jung-Kul JK

Indian journal of microbiology 20181008 1

To improve the antimicrobial property of chitosan, water-soluble chitosan modified in their quaternary ammonium groups were synthesized. The antimicrobial properties were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis. The activities increased with increasing cationic charges and the length of the alkyl chain as follows amino-chitosan, dimethylaminoethyl-chitosan, dimethylpropyl amino-chitosan, dimethylamino-1-pr ...[more]

PMID: 30728636

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Project description:BackgroundHost-derived (LL-37) and synthetic (WLBU-2) cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) are known for their membrane-active bactericidal properties. LL-37 is an important mediator for immunomodulation, while the mechanism of action of WLBU-2 remains unclear.ObjectiveTo determine if WLBU-2 induces an early proinflammatory response that facilitates bacterial clearance in cystic fibrosis (CF).MethodsC57BL6 mice were given intranasal or intraperitoneal 1×10 (6) cfu/mL Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and observed for 2h, followed by instillation of LL-37 or WLBU-2 (2-4mg/kg) with subsequent tissue collection at 24h for determination of bacterial colony counts and quantitative RT-PCR measurement of cytokine transcripts. CF airway epithelial cells (IB3-1, ?F508/W1282X) were cultured in appropriate media with supplements. WLBU-2 (25?M) was added to the media with RT-PCR measurement of TNF-? and IL-1? transcripts after 20, 30, and 60min. Flow cytometry was used to determine if WLBU-2 assists in cellular uptake of Alexa 488-labeled LPS.ResultsIn murine lung exposed to intranasal or intraperitoneal WLBU-2, there was a reduction in the number of surviving PA colonies compared to controls. Murine lung exposed to intraperitoneal WLBU-2 showed fewer PA colonies compared to LL-37. After 24h WLBU-2 exposure, PA-induced IL-1? transcripts from lungs showed a twofold decrease (p<0.05), while TNF-? levels were unchanged. LL-37 did not significantly change transcript levels. In IB3-1 cells, WLBU-2 exposure resulted in increased TNF-? and IL-1? transcripts that decreased by 60min. WLBU-2 treatment of IB3-1 cells displayed increased LPS uptake, suggesting a potential role for CAPs in inducing protective proinflammatory responses. Taken together, the cytokine response, LPS uptake, and established antimicrobial activity of WLBU-2 demonstrate its ability to modulate proinflammatory signaling as a protective mechanism to clear infection.ConclusionsThe immunomodulatory properties of WLBU-2 reveal a potential mechanism of its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and warrant further preclinical evaluation to study bacterial clearance and rescue of chronic inflammation.

Dataset Information

Antimicrobial Activity of Amino-Derivatized Cationic Polysaccharides.

Publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Amino-Derivatized Cationic Polysaccharides.

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