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Heavy Metals Scavenging Potential of Trichoderma asperellum and Hypocrea nigricans Isolated from Acid Soil of Jharkhand.

ABSTRACT: Trichoderma asperellum (NAIMCC-F-03167) and Hypocrea nigricans (NAIMCC-F-03168) were isolated from the acidic soil of the vicinity of Litchi orchard, Ranchi, Jharkhand and were characterized on the basis of morphological, molecular and biochemical features. Both strains are fast growing, light to dark green, highly sporulative and have ability to cover 90 mm Petri dish within 96 h of inoculation. Biochemcial estimation of both isolates indicated significant cellulase and phosphate solubilisation activity. Highest cellulase activity was observed in T. asperellum (5.63 cm) followed by H. nigricans (5.10 cm) and phosphate solubilisation index was observed maximum in T. asperellum (1.93) followed by H. nigricans (1.39). Moreover, these isolates were molecularly identified on the basis of ribosomal DNA based sequences database and phylogenetic analysis in NCBI GenBank as T. asperellum (NCBI-KM 438015) and H. nigricans (NCBI-KJ910335). Negetive effect on sporulation of Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) was observed while in heavy metal scavenging potential, T. asperellum (88.9% Cd) showed highest scavenging potential followed by H. nigricans (87.2% Cd) while in Pb scavenging potential, H. nigricans (88% Pb) followed highest scavenging potential followed by T. asperellum (81.30% Pb) after 21 days of inoculation from 30 µg/ml heavy metals concentrated broth medium. If both potential bioagents can apply in Cd and Pb affected soil/water will be helpful in scavenging of heavy metals as well as management of phosphorus deficiency and soilborne fungal diseases.

SUBMITTER: Maurya S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6328418 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heavy Metals Scavenging Potential of Trichoderma asperellum and Hypocrea nigricans Isolated from Acid Soil of Jharkhand.

Maurya Sudarshan S Rashk-E-Eram Naik S K SK Choudhary J S JS Kumar S S

Indian journal of microbiology 20180809 1

Trichoderma asperellum (NAIMCC-F-03167) and Hypocrea nigricans (NAIMCC-F-03168) were isolated from the acidic soil of the vicinity of Litchi orchard, Ranchi, Jharkhand and were characterized on the basis of morphological, molecular and biochemical features. Both strains are fast growing, light to dark green, highly sporulative and have ability to cover 90 mm Petri dish within 96 h of inoculation. Biochemcial estimation of both isolates indicated significant cellulase and phosphate ...[more]

PMID: 30728628

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Project description:Anopheline larvicidal property of T. asperellum has been found recently in medical science. The mechanism of actions exhibited by T. asperellum to infect mosquito larvae is the pivotal context of our present study. To infect an insect, entomopathogens must undergo some events of pathogenesis. We performed some experiments to find out the mechanisms of action of T. asperellum against anopheline larvae and compared its actions with other two well recognized entomopathogens like Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana. The methodology adopted for this includes Compound light and SE Microscopic study of host-pathogen interaction, detection of fungal spore adhesion on larval surface (Mucilage assay), detection of cuticle degrading enzymes (Spore bound pr1, chitinase and protease) by spectro-photometric method, Quantitative estimation of chitinase and protease enzymes, and determination of nuclear degeneration of hemocyte cells of ME (methanolic extract) treated larvae by T. asperellum under fluorescence microscope. Compound light microscopic studies showed spore attachment, appressorium and germ tube formation, invasion and proliferated hyphal growth of T. asperellum on epicuticle and inside of dead larvae. SEM study also supported them. After 3 h of interaction, spores were found to be attached on larval surface exhibiting pink colored outer layer at the site of attachment indicating the presence of mucilage surrounding the attached spores. The enzymatic cleavage of the 4-nitroanilide substrate yields 4-nitroaniline which indicates the presence of spore-bound PR1 protein (Pathogenecity Related 1 Protein) and it was highest (absorbance 1.298 ± 0.002) for T. asperellum in comparison with control and other two entomopathogens. T. asperellum exhibited highest enzymatic index values for both chitinase (5.20) and protease (2.77) among three entomopathogens. Quantitative experiment showed that chitinase enzyme concentration of T. asperellum (245 µg mL-1) was better than other two M. anisopliae (134.59 µg mL-1) and B. bassiana (128.65 µg mL-1). Similarly protease enzyme concentration of this fungus was best (298.652 µg mL-1) among three entomopathogens. Here we have detected and estimated fragmentized nuclei of hemocyte cells by fluorescence microscopy in treated larvae with different ME doses of T. asperellum, and also observed that mosquito larvae exposed to 0.1 mg mL-1 dose of ME showed maximum (100%) nuclear fragmentations of hemocytes and while 20, 45, 70 and 85% of nuclear deformities were recorded at 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08 mg mL-1 concentrations of ME. The knowledge of this work certainly will help in understanding of mechanism of action of T. asperellum for anopheline larval killing and consequently in eradication of malaria vector.

Dataset Information

Heavy Metals Scavenging Potential of Trichoderma asperellum and Hypocrea nigricans Isolated from Acid Soil of Jharkhand.

Publications

Heavy Metals Scavenging Potential of <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> and <i>Hypocrea nigricans</i> Isolated from Acid Soil of Jharkhand.

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