Dataset Information

Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Crosstalk Mediates Brassinosteroids Induced Cold Stress Tolerance in Medicago truncatula.

ABSTRACT: Brassinosteroids (BRs) play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, a Medicago truncatula plant pretreated with brassinolide (BL, the most active BR), enhanced cold stress tolerance by regulating the expression of several cold-related genes and antioxidant enzymes activities. Previous studies reported that hydrogen peroxide (H?O?) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved during environmental stress conditions. However, how these two signaling molecules interact with each other in BRs-induced abiotic stress tolerance remain largely unclear. BL-pretreatment induced, while brassinazole (BRZ, a specific inhibitor of BRs biosynthesis) reduced H?O? and NO production. Further, application of dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a H?O? and OH^- scavenger) blocked BRs-induced NO production, but BRs-induced H?O? generation was not sensitive to 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO, a scavenger of NO). Moreover, pretreatment with DMTU and PTIO decreased BL-induced mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and the photosystem capacity. However, pretreatment with PTIO was found to be more effective than DMTU in reducing BRs-induced increases in V_alt, V_t, and MtAOX1 gene expression. Similarly, BRs-induced photosystem II efficiency was found in NO dependent manner than H?O?. Finally, we conclude that H?O? was involved in NO generation, whereas NO was found to be crucial in BRs-induced AOX capacity, which further contributed to the protection of the photosystem under cold stress conditions in Medicago truncatula.

SUBMITTER: Arfan M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6337477 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Crosstalk Mediates Brassinosteroids Induced Cold Stress Tolerance in <i>Medicago truncatula</i>.

Arfan Muhammad M Zhang Da-Wei DW Zou Li-Juan LJ Luo Shi-Shuai SS Tan Wen-Rong WR Zhu Tong T Lin Hong-Hui HH

International journal of molecular sciences 20190102 1

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, a <i>Medicago truncatula</i> plant pretreated with brassinolide (BL, the most active BR), enhanced cold stress tolerance by regulating the expression of several cold-related genes and antioxidant enzymes activities. Previous studies reported that hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved during environmental stress conditions. However, how these two signaling ...[more]

PMID: 30609774

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Project description:Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO·) are toxic metabolites that immune cells use to attack pathogens. These antimicrobials can be present at the same time in phagosomes, and it remains unclear how bacteria deal with these insults when simultaneously present. Here, using Escherichia coli, we observed that simultaneous exposure to H2O2 and NO· leads to prioritized detoxification, where enzymatic removal of NO· is impeded until H2O2 has been eliminated. This phenomenon is reminiscent of carbon catabolite repression (CCR), where preferred carbon sources are catabolized prior to less desirable substrates; however, H2O2 and NO· are toxic, growth-inhibitory compounds rather than growth-promoting nutrients. To understand how NO· detoxification is delayed by H2O2 whereas H2O2 detoxification proceeds unimpeded, we confirmed that the effect depended on Hmp, which is the main NO· detoxification enzyme, and used an approach that integrated computational modeling and experimentation to delineate and test potential mechanisms. Plausible interactions included H2O2-dependent inhibition of hmp transcription and translation, direct inhibition of Hmp catalysis, and competition for reducing equivalents between Hmp and H2O2-degrading enzymes. Experiments illustrated that Hmp catalysis and NAD(P)H supply were not impaired by H2O2, whereas hmp transcription and translation were diminished. A dependence of this phenomenon on transcriptional regulation parallels CCR, and we found it to involve the transcriptional repressor NsrR. Collectively, these data suggest that bacterial regulation of growth inhibitor detoxification has similarities to the regulation of growth substrate consumption, which could have ramifications for infectious disease, bioremediation, and biocatalysis from inhibitor-containing feedstocks.IMPORTANCE Bacteria can be exposed to H2O2 and NO· concurrently within phagosomes. In such multistress situations, bacteria could have evolved to simultaneously degrade both toxic metabolites or preferentially detoxify one over the other. Here, we found that simultaneous exposure to H2O2 and NO· leads to prioritized detoxification, where detoxification of NO· is hampered until H2O2 has been eliminated. This phenomenon resembles CCR, where bacteria consume one substrate over others in carbon source mixtures. Further experimentation revealed a central role for transcriptional regulation in the prioritization of H2O2 over NO·, which is also important to CCR. This study suggests that regulatory scenarios observed in bacterial consumption of growth-promoting compound mixtures can be conserved in bacterial detoxification of toxic metabolite mixtures.

Dataset Information

Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Crosstalk Mediates Brassinosteroids Induced Cold Stress Tolerance in Medicago truncatula.

Publications

Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Crosstalk Mediates Brassinosteroids Induced Cold Stress Tolerance in <i>Medicago truncatula</i>.

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