Dataset Information

Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals: Brain Vascular Pathology.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

This module was created to supplement the traditional learning methods that senior medical students, first-year radiology residents, and residents in other specialties employ to learn the fundamentals of radiologic image interpretation. It is part of an ongoing project entitled Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals (DIF), with each module covering a unique topic. This module covers brain vascular anatomy, common imaging modalities, and imaging characteristics of brain vascular pathologies.

Methods

This module has been designed for team-based learning and consists of advance-preparation reading material, in-class individual and group readiness assurance tests, and a group application exercise. Students are evaluated both individually and as groups. These DIF modules are designed primarily for group learning and are well suited for the academic setting.

Results

The feedback we received from first-year radiology residents was 100% positive, and the most frequent remark used by learners in their comments was "very helpful." Our limited feedback suggests that the level of material is appropriate for trainees at or above their final year of medical school.

Discussion

We are confident that this module will benefit students and residents who are eager to learn the fundamentals of brain vascular imaging and will serve as a useful adjunct to traditional methods of learning. We believe the module's application of team-based learning can act as a model for collaborative learning in a traditionally didactic learning environment. Future work will include expanding use of the module to larger groups of radiology residents, medical students, and residents in other specialties.

SUBMITTER: Xia E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6342161 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals: Brain Vascular Pathology.

Xia Erwin E Lee-Diaz Efrain E Trelles de Belaunde Miguel M Lee Diaz Jorge J

MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources 20170130

<h4>Introduction</h4>This module was created to supplement the traditional learning methods that senior medical students, first-year radiology residents, and residents in other specialties employ to learn the fundamentals of radiologic image interpretation. It is part of an ongoing project entitled Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals (DIF), with each module covering a unique topic. This module covers brain vascular anatomy, common imaging modalities, and imaging characteristics of brain vascular pat ...[more]

PMID: 30800737

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundChronic brain pathology and pre-stroke cognitive impairment (PCI) is predictive of post-stroke dementia. The aim of the current study was to measure pre-stroke neurodegenerative and vascular disease burden found on brain MRI and to assess the association between pre-stroke imaging pathology and PCI, whilst also looking for potential sex differences.MethodsThis prospective brain MRI cohort is part of the multicentre Norwegian cognitive impairment after stroke (Nor-COAST) study. Patients hospitalized with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were included from five participating stroke units. Visual rating scales were used to categorize baseline MRIs (N = 410) as vascular, neurodegenerative, mixed, or normal, based on the presence of pathological imaging findings. Pre-stroke cognition was assessed by interviews of patients or caregivers using the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Stroke severity was assessed with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between imaging markers, PCI, and sex.ResultsPatients' (N = 410) mean (SD) age was 73.6 (±11) years; 182 (44%) participants were female, the mean (SD) NIHSS at admittance was 4.1 (±5). In 68% of the participants, at least one pathological imaging marker was found. Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) was present in 30% of patients, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in 38% of patients and lacunes in 35% of patients. PCI was found in 30% of the patients. PCI was associated with cerebrovascular pathology (OR 2.5; CI = 1.4 to 4.5, p = 0.001) and mixed pathology (OR 3.4; CI = 1.9 to 6.1, p = 0.001) but was not associated with neurodegeneration (OR 1.0; CI = 0.5 to 2.2; p = 0.973). Pathological MRI markers, including MTA and lacunes, were more prevalent among men, as was a history of clinical stroke prior to the index stroke. The OR of PCI for women was not significantly increased (OR 1.2; CI = 0.8 to 1.9; p = 0.3).ConclusionsPre-stroke chronic brain pathology is common in stroke patients, with a higher prevalence in men. Vascular pathology and mixed pathology are associated with PCI. There were no significant sex differences for the risk of PCI.Trial registrationNCT02650531 , date of registration: 08.01.2016.

Project description:CONTEXT:There is increasing interest in using whole slide imaging (WSI) for diagnostic purposes (primary and/or consultation). An important consideration is whether WSI can safely replace conventional light microscopy as the method by which pathologists review histologic sections, cytology slides, and/or hematology slides to render diagnoses. Validation of WSI is crucial to ensure that diagnostic performance based on digitized slides is at least equivalent to that of glass slides and light microscopy. Currently, there are no standard guidelines regarding validation of WSI for diagnostic use. OBJECTIVE:To recommend validation requirements for WSI systems to be used for diagnostic purposes. DESIGN:The College of American Pathologists Pathology and Laboratory Quality Center convened a nonvendor panel from North America with expertise in digital pathology to develop these validation recommendations. A literature review was performed in which 767 international publications that met search term requirements were identified. Studies outside the scope of this effort and those related solely to technical elements, education, and image analysis were excluded. A total of 27 publications were graded and underwent data extraction for evidence evaluation. Recommendations were derived from the strength of evidence determined from 23 of these published studies, open comment feedback, and expert panel consensus. RESULTS:Twelve guideline statements were established to help pathology laboratories validate their own WSI systems intended for clinical use. Validation of the entire WSI system, involving pathologists trained to use the system, should be performed in a manner that emulates the laboratory's actual clinical environment. It is recommended that such a validation study include at least 60 routine cases per application, comparing intraobserver diagnostic concordance between digitized and glass slides viewed at least 2 weeks apart. It is important that the validation process confirm that all material present on a glass slide to be scanned is included in the digital image. CONCLUSIONS:Validation should demonstrate that the WSI system under review produces acceptable digital slides for diagnostic interpretation. The intention of validating WSI systems is to permit the clinical use of this technology in a manner that does not compromise patient care.

Project description:Background and purposeBrain white matter is frequently affected in mitochondrial diseases; optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are the most frequent mitochondrial monosymptomatic optic neuropathies. In this observational study, brain white matter microstructure was characterized by DTI in patients with optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, in relation to clinical and genetic features.Materials and methodsNineteen patients with optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy and 17 with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy older than 18 years of age, all genetically diagnosed, and 19 healthy volunteers underwent DTI by using a 1.5T MR imaging scanner and neurologic and ophthalmologic assessments. Brain white matter DTI metrics were calculated for all participants, and, in patients, their correlations with genetics and clinical findings were calculated.ResultsCompared with controls, patients with optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy had an increased mean diffusivity in 29.2% of voxels analyzed within major white matter tracts distributed throughout the brain, while fractional anisotropy was reduced in 30.3% of voxels. For patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, the proportion of altered voxels was only 0.5% and 5.5%, respectively, of which half was found within the optic radiation and 3.5%, in the smaller acoustic radiation. In almost all regions, fractional anisotropy diminished with age in patients with optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy and correlated with average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in several areas. Mean diffusivity increased in those with a missense mutation. Patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy taking idebenone had slightly milder changes.ConclusionsPatients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy had preferential involvement of the optic and acoustic radiations, consistent with trans-synaptic degeneration, whereas patients with optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy presented with widespread involvement suggestive of a multisystemic, possibly a congenital/developmental, disorder. White matter changes in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and optic atrophy gene 1-autosomal dominant optic atrophy may be exploitable as biomarkers.

Dataset Information

Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals: Brain Vascular Pathology.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals: Brain Vascular Pathology.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets