Dataset Information

Acute effects of air pollutants on spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case-crossover study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between acute exposure to air pollutants and spontaneous pregnancy loss. DESIGN:Case-crossover study from 2007 to 2015. SETTING:An academic emergency department in the Wasatch Front area of Utah. PATIENT(S):A total of 1,398 women who experienced spontaneous pregnancy loss events. INTERVENTION(S):None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Odds of spontaneous pregnancy loss. RESULT(S):We found that a 10-ppb increase in 7-day average levels of nitrogen dioxide was associated with a 16% increase in the odds of spontaneous pregnancy loss (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.33; P=.04). A 10-?g/m3 increase in 3-day and 7-day averages of fine particulate matter were associated with increased risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss, but the associations did not reach statistical significance (OR3-day average = 1.09; 95% CI 0.99-1.20; P=.05) (OR7-day average = 1.11; 95% CI 0.99-1.24; P=.06). We found no evidence of increased risk for any other metrics of nitrogen dioxide or fine particulate matter or any metric for ozone. CONCLUSIONS:We found that short-term exposure to elevated levels of air pollutants was associated with higher risk for spontaneous pregnancy loss.

SUBMITTER: Leiser CL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6351170 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acute effects of air pollutants on spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case-crossover study.

Leiser Claire L CL Hanson Heidi A HA Sawyer Kara K Steenblik Jacob J Al-Dulaimi Ragheed R Madsen Troy T Gibbins Karen K Hotaling James M JM Ibrahim Yetunde Oluseye YO VanDerslice James A JA Fuller Matthew M

Fertility and sterility 20181205 2

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the relationship between acute exposure to air pollutants and spontaneous pregnancy loss.<h4>Design</h4>Case-crossover study from 2007 to 2015.<h4>Setting</h4>An academic emergency department in the Wasatch Front area of Utah.<h4>Patient(s)</h4>A total of 1,398 women who experienced spontaneous pregnancy loss events.<h4>Intervention(s)</h4>None.<h4>Main outcome measure(s)</h4>Odds of spontaneous pregnancy loss.<h4>Result(s)</h4>We found that a 10-ppb increase in ...[more]

PMID: 30528056

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Project description:BackgroundRecent studies conducted in several OECD countries have shown that chronic exposure to elevated levels of air pollutants (especially PM2.5, PM10 and NOx), might negatively impact COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to examine the association between chronic exposure to air pollution in Israeli cities and towns, their demographic and socioeconomic status, and COVID-19 morbidity, during the three local morbidity waves.MethodsWe examined the associations between: (a) annual average concentrations of NOx, CO, PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 in 2016-2019, and demographic and socioeconomic parameters, and (b) COVID-19 positive cases in 279 Israeli cities and towns, in the four state-wide morbidity peaks: 1st wave peak: March 31st, 2020; 2nd wave peaks: July 24th and September 27th, 2020, and the 3rd wave peak: January 17th, 2021, which occurred after the beginning of the nationwide vaccination campaign. These associations were calculated using both Spearman correlations and multivariate linear regressions.ResultsWe found statistically significant positive correlations between the concentrations of most pollutants in 2016-19 and COVID-19 morbidity rate at the first three timepoints but not the 4th (January 17th, 2021). Population density and city/town total population were also positively associated with the COVID-19 morbidity rates at these three timepoints, but not the 4th, in which socioeconomic parameters were more dominant - we found a statistically significant negative correlation between socioeconomic cluster and COVID-19 morbidity. In addition, all multivariate models including PM2.5 concentrations were statistically significant, and PM2.5 concentrations were positively associated with the COVID-19 morbidity rates in all models.ConclusionsWe found a nationwide association between population chronic exposure to five main air pollutants in Israeli cities and towns, and COVID-19 morbidity rates during two of the three morbidity waves experienced in Israel. The widespread morbidity that was related to socioeconomic factors during the 3rd wave, emphasizes the need for special attention to morbidity prevention in socioeconomically vulnerable populations and especially in large household communities. Nevertheless, this ecological study has several limitations, such as the inability to draw conclusions about causality or mechanisms of action. The growing body of evidence, regarding association between exacerbated COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates and long-term chronic exposure to elevated concentrations of air pollutants should serve as a wake-up call to policy makers regarding the urgent need to reduce air pollution and its harmful effects.

Project description:IntroductionThe association between early exposure to ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes in China is unclear. This study will assess the risk of early-life exposure to air pollutants in Beijing and explore the viability of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a biological indicator to assess oxidative stress induced by early-life exposure to air pollution.Methods and analysisHere, 2500 women with singleton pregnancies and their infants will be recruited from the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. We will collect nine types of biological samples, including maternal serum, urine, placental tissue, umbilical cord tissue and umbilical cord blood during all three trimesters. The air pollution data (particulate matter (PM)2.5, PM10 and similar factors) will be recorded at official fixed-site monitoring stations closest to where the pregnant women live. We plan to assess the effect of air pollutants on adverse pregnancy outcomes and infant respiratory and circulatory disease using Cox regression and competitive risk analysis and explore possible critical windows of exposure during pregnancy using daily pollutant concentrations averaged over various periods of pregnancy combined with individual activity and physiological parameters. Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples (1000 samples) will be randomly selected for 8-OHdG assays to assess the correlation between exposures to air pollutants and oxidative stress. We will determine whether air pollutant exposure or 8-OHdG levels are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. SPSS and SAS statistical software will be used for data analysis. Cox regression and competing risk analysis will be used to compute the HR and population attributable risk.Ethics and disseminationThis research protocol has already been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. Written informed consent will be obtained from all study participants prior to enrolment. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals or disseminated through conference presentations.Trial registration numberThis study has been registered in WHO International Clinical Trial Register-Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under registrationnumber ChiCTR-ROC-16010181 (http :// www.chictr.org.cn / showproj.aspx ?proj=17328).

Dataset Information

Acute effects of air pollutants on spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case-crossover study.

Publications

Acute effects of air pollutants on spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case-crossover study.

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