Dataset Information

Survival in early lung cancer patients treated with high dose radiotherapy is independent of pathological confirmation.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Approximately 15% of lung cancer patients are diagnosed in early stages. Microscopic proof of disease cannot always be obtained because of comorbidity or reluctance to undergo invasive diagnostic procedures. In the current study, survival data of patients with and without pathology are compared.

Methods

One hundred and sixty three patients with NSCLC I-IIb (T3 N0) treated between 2002 and 2016 were eligible: 123 (75%) had pathological confirmation of disease, whereas 40 (25%) did not. In accordance with international guidelines, both groups received radiotherapy. Comorbidity was assessed with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).

Results

The median follow-up was 28.6 months (range: 0.3-162): 66 (40%) patients are still alive, while 97 (59%) patients died: 48 (29%) cancer-related deaths and 49 (30%) from causes other than cancer. Median overall survival (OS) in patients without pathological confirmation was 58.6 months (range: 0.5-162), which did not differ from those with microscopic proof of disease (39.4 months, range: 0.3-147.5; logrank P = 0.481). Median cancer-specific survival (CSS) also did not differ at 113.4 months (range: 0.5-162) in the non-confirmation group (logrank P = 0.763) versus 51.5 months (range: 3.7-129.5) in patients with pathology. In Cox regression, a CCI of ? 3 was associated with poor OS (hazard ratio 2.0; range 1.2-3.4; P = 0.010) and CSS (hazard ratio 2.0; 1.0-4.0; P = 0.043).

Conclusion

OS and CSS in early lung cancer patients depend on comorbidity rather than on pathological confirmation of disease.

SUBMITTER: Zehentmayr F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6360228 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Survival in early lung cancer patients treated with high dose radiotherapy is independent of pathological confirmation.

Zehentmayr Franz F Sprenger Martin M Rettenbacher Lukas L Wass Romana R Porsch Peter P Fastner Gerd G Pirich Christian C Studnicka Michael M Sedlmayer Felix F

Thoracic cancer 20190107 2

<h4>Background</h4>Approximately 15% of lung cancer patients are diagnosed in early stages. Microscopic proof of disease cannot always be obtained because of comorbidity or reluctance to undergo invasive diagnostic procedures. In the current study, survival data of patients with and without pathology are compared.<h4>Methods</h4>One hundred and sixty three patients with NSCLC I-IIb (T3 N0) treated between 2002 and 2016 were eligible: 123 (75%) had pathological confirmation of disease, whereas 40 ...[more]

PMID: 30618120

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Project description:ObjectiveCurrent ventilation and perfusion dose-response studies focus on single-modalities (ventilation or perfusion) and perform pulmonary-toxicity assessment related to radiotherapy on a population-based basis. This study aims at quantitative and clinical evaluation of intrapatient differences between ventilation and perfusion dose-responses among lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.Methods20 patients enrolled on a prospective functional avoidance protocol underwent single photon emission computed tomography-CT ventilation and perfusion scans pre- and post-radiotherapy. Relative changes in pre- to post-treatment ventilation and perfusion in lung regions receiving ≥20 Gy were calculated. In addition, the slopes of the linear fit to the relative ventilation and perfusion changes in regions receiving 0-60 Gy were calculated. A radiologist read and assigned a functional defect score to pre- and post-treatment ventilation/perfusion scans.Results25% of patients had a difference >35% between ventilation and perfusion pre- to post-treatment changes and 20-30% of patients had opposite directions for ventilation and perfusion pre- to post-treatment changes. Using a semi-quantitative scale, radiologist assessment showed that 20% of patients had different pre- to post-treatment ventilation changes when compared to pre- to post-treatment perfusion changes.ConclusionOur data showed that ventilation dose-response can differ from perfusion dose-response for 20-30% of patients. Therefore, when performing thoracic dose-response in cancer patients, it is insufficient to look at ventilation or perfusion alone; but rather both modes of functional imaging may be needed when predicting for clinical outcomes.Advances in knowledgeThe significance of this study can be highlighted by the differences between the intrapatient dose-response assessments of this analysis compared to existing population-based dose-response analyses. Elucidating intrapatient ventilation and perfusion dose-response differences may be valuable in predicting pulmonary toxicity in lung cancer patients post-radiotherapy.

Project description:OBJECTIVE Spine radiosurgery is increasingly being used to treat spinal metastases. As patients are living longer because of the increasing efficacy of systemic agents, appropriate follow-up and posttreatment management for these patients is critical. Tumor progression after spine radiosurgery is rare; however, vertebral compression fractures are recognized as a more common posttreatment effect. The use of radiographic imaging alone posttreatment may makeit difficult to distinguish tumor progression from postradiation changes such as fibrosis. This is the largest series from a prospective database in which the authors examine histopathology of samples obtained from patients who underwent surgical intervention for presumed tumor progression or mechanical pain secondary to compression fracture. The majority of patients had tumor ablation and resulting fibrosis rather than tumor progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate tumor histopathology and characteristics of patients who underwent pathological sampling because of radiographic tumor progression, fibrosis, or collapsed vertebrae after receiving high-dose single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery. METHODS Between January 2005 and January 2014, a total of 582 patients were treated with linear accelerator-based single-fraction (18-24 Gy) stereotactic radiosurgery. The authors retrospectively identified 30 patients (5.1%) who underwent surgical intervention for 32 lesions with vertebral cement augmentation for either mechanical pain or instability secondary to vertebral compression fracture (n = 17) or instrumentation (n = 15) for radiographic tumor progression. Radiation and surgical treatment, histopathology, and long-term outcomes were reviewed. Survival and time to recurrence were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The mean age at the time of radiosurgery was 59 years (range 36-80 years). The initial pathological diagnoses were obtained for all patients and primarily included radioresistant tumor types, including renal cell carcinoma in 7 (22%), melanoma in 6 (19%), lung carcinoma in 4 (12%), and sarcoma in 3 (9%). The median time to surgical intervention was 24.7 months (range 1.6-50.8 months). The median follow-up and overall survival for all patients were 42.5 months and 41 months (overall survival range 7-86 months), respectively. The majority of assessed lesions showed no evidence of tumor on pathological review (25 of 32, 78%), while a minority of lesions revealed residual tumor (7 of 32, 22%). The median survival for patients after tumor recurrence was 5 months (range 2-70 months). CONCLUSIONS High-dose single-fraction radiosurgery is tumor ablative in the majority of instances. In a minority of cases, tumor persists and salvage treatments should be considered.

Project description:Background and purposeA recent study of NSCLC patients showed small residual setup errors (shifts) in the direction of the heart following image-guidance were significantly related to overall survival. This study of the dosimetric effects of these residual shifts investigates the hypothesis that observed survival differences were related to a change in heart dose.Materials and methodsAccumulated doses including shifts for each fraction were determined for 475 NSCLC patients. Planning CTs and corresponding dose distributions were deformed to a reference. Image-based data-mining techniques were then applied to the difference between the planned and accumulated dose (Δdose) to determine where Δdose relates to 1-year survival. The significance of Δdose in the identified region was assessed using multivariable Cox analysis. The cohort was then split into octiles, based upon planned dose to the region, and multivariable Cox analysis performed for each sub-cohort to explore the dose response relationship. The identified dose threshold for damage was then tested in an independent validation cohort of 1482 NSCLC patients from the same institution.ResultsPermutation testing identified a small region in the heart base where Δdose significantly correlated with 1-year survival. Δdose in this region showed no correlation with common clinical variables, and was significant in multivariable Cox regression (p < 0.001, hazard ratio 1.221/Gy), with increasing change in dose from plan resulting in greater risk of death. Octile analysis revealed Δdose to be significant only in the 7th octile, planning dose 16.2-23.4 Gy, suggesting a steep dose-effect relation for heart damage in this range. Taking 16.2 Gy as a conservative threshold dose, this result was successfully validated, with a significant difference being seen between patients with a region dose above or below 16.2 Gy.ConclusionsThis study suggests the relation between residual set-up errors and survival is explained by changes in cardiac dose, and identifies an area at the heart base where dose is correlated with survival. Our results suggest the dose threshold for cardiac damage is between 16.2 and 23.4 Gy in the base of the heart, which was validated in an independent cohort. However, the dose effect in other regions of the heart should also be investigated.

Dataset Information

Survival in early lung cancer patients treated with high dose radiotherapy is independent of pathological confirmation.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Survival in early lung cancer patients treated with high dose radiotherapy is independent of pathological confirmation.

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