Dataset Information

The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population.

ABSTRACT: In the past, vitamins and minerals were used to cure deficiency diseases. Supplements nowadays are used with the aim of reducing the risk of chronic diseases of which the origins are complex. Dietary supplement use has increased in the UK over recent decades, contributing to the nutrient intake in the population, but not necessarily the proportion of the population that is sub-optimally nourished; therefore, not reducing the proportion below the estimated average requirement and potentially increasing the number at risk of an intake above the safety limits. The supplement nutrient intake may be objectively monitored using circulation biomarkers. The influence of the researcher in how the supplements are grouped and how the nutrient intakes are quantified may however result in different conclusions regarding their nutrient contribution, the associations with biomarkers, in general, and dose-response associations specifically. The diet might be sufficient in micronutrients, but lacking in a balanced food intake. Since public-health nutrition guidelines are expressed in terms of foods, there is potentially a discrepancy between the nutrient-orientated supplement and the quality of the dietary pattern. To promote health, current public-health messages only advocate supplements in specific circumstances, but not in optimally nourished populations.

SUBMITTER: Lentjes MAH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6366563 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population.

Lentjes Marleen A H MAH

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 20181030 1

In the past, vitamins and minerals were used to cure deficiency diseases. Supplements nowadays are used with the aim of reducing the risk of chronic diseases of which the origins are complex. Dietary supplement use has increased in the UK over recent decades, contributing to the nutrient intake in the population, but not necessarily the proportion of the population that is sub-optimally nourished; therefore, not reducing the proportion below the estimated average requirement and potentially incr ...[more]

PMID: 30375305

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Project description:BackgroundOsteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) increases the risk of all-cause mortality. Assessments of whether dietary selenium intake is related to bone health are scarce, with few relevant studies limited by a small sample size. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between dietary selenium intake and BMD levels in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.MethodsWe extracted and aggregated data from 4 cycles of the NHANES [2005-2010, 2013-2014]. Dietary selenium intake was obtained from 24-hour dietary recall interviews. BMD measurement, including the femur, femur neck, trochanter and intertrochanter of the femur, and lumbar spine, was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The multivariable linear regression model for the association between dietary selenium intake and BMD and the generalized additive model (GAM) for the dose-response relationship were used.ResultsA total of 21,939 participants were included. The mean age was 40.68±22.42 years, and 51.28% were male. In the multivariable adjustment model, participants with the highest quintiles of dietary selenium intake (Q5) were associated with increased BMD levels in the total femur (β=0.014, 95% CI: 0.008-0.020, P<0.001), femur neck (β=0.010, 95% CI: 0.004-0.016, P=0.001), trochanter (β=0.011, 95% CI: 0.005-0.017, P<0.001), intertrochanter (β=0.017, 95% CI: 0.010-0.025, P<0.001), and lumbar spine (β=0.013, 95% CI: 0.005-0.020, P<0.001) compared with those in quintile 1 (Q1). The dose-response relationship showed an inverted U-shape relationship between dietary selenium intake and BMD levels (P for nonlinearity <0.05). Participants tended to have increased levels of BMD as the dietary selenium intake increased when dietary selenium was below the turning point, and then a negative relationship was observed when dietary intake was higher than the turning point.ConclusionsOur study indicated that dietary selenium intake exhibited an inverted U-shape trend in relation to BMD levels, which demonstrates the need for selenium status in the body to be considered when discussing the role of dietary selenium intake in BMD. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the underlying biological mechanism.

Dataset Information

The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population.

Publications

The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population.

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