Dataset Information

Dysglycemia among youth with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control in the Flexible Lifestyle Empowering Change trial.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To examine the prevalence and correlates of non-severe hypoglycemia among adolescents with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control, an understudied topic in this group. METHODS:Seven days of blinded continuous glucose monitor data were analyzed in 233 adolescents at baseline of the Flexible Lifestyle Empowering Change trial (13-16 years, type 1 diabetes duration >1?year, and hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] 8-13% [64-119?mmol]). Incidence of clinical hypoglycemia (54-69?mg/dL) and clinically serious hypoglycemia (<54?mg/dL) was defined as number of episodes ?15?minutes. Logistic regression modeling was used to determine the correlates of long duration of hypoglycemia, categorized by median split among those who experienced hypoglycemia. RESULTS:The sample was 76.1% non-Hispanic white, 49.8% female, age?=?14.9?±?1.1?years, diabetes duration?=?6.4?±?3.7?years, and HbA1c?=?9.6?±?1.2% (81?±?13?mmol/mol). Over 7 days, 79.4% of youth experienced ?1 hypoglycemic episodes of <70?mg/dL, and 55.4% of youth experienced ?1 hypoglycemic episodes of <54?mg/dL. Among all adolescents, the median duration of clinical hypoglycemia and clinically serious hypoglycemia was 21.9 (range 0-250.2) and 4.3 (range 0-209.7) minutes/day, respectively. Long duration of clinical hypoglycemia (range 1.8-17.4% time overall) and clinically serious hypoglycemia (range 1.2-14.6% time overall) was associated with older age and decreasing HbA1c. Long duration of clinically serious hypoglycemia also was associated with insulin pump use. CONCLUSIONS:Almost 80% of adolescents with elevated HbA1c had an episode of clinical hypoglycemia, and?>50% had clinically serious hypoglycemia in a week. Increased education alongside access to emerging diabetes technologies may help to prevent hypoglycemia while improving glycemic control.

SUBMITTER: Kahkoska AR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6367932 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dysglycemia among youth with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control in the Flexible Lifestyle Empowering Change trial.

Kahkoska Anna R AR Crandell Jamie J Driscoll Kimberly A KA Kichler Jessica C JC Seid Michael M Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J EJ Maahs David M DM

Pediatric diabetes 20190121 2

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the prevalence and correlates of non-severe hypoglycemia among adolescents with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control, an understudied topic in this group.<h4>Methods</h4>Seven days of blinded continuous glucose monitor data were analyzed in 233 adolescents at baseline of the Flexible Lifestyle Empowering Change trial (13-16 years, type 1 diabetes duration >1 year, and hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] 8-13% [64-119 mmol]). Incidence of clinical hypoglycemia (54-69 mg ...[more]

PMID: 30536572

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Project description:BackgroundDespite the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in youth, there are few data to guide treatment. We compared the efficacy of three treatment regimens to achieve durable glycemic control in children and adolescents with recent-onset type 2 diabetes.MethodsEligible patients 10 to 17 years of age were treated with metformin (at a dose of 1000 mg twice daily) to attain a glycated hemoglobin level of less than 8% and were randomly assigned to continued treatment with metformin alone or to metformin combined with rosiglitazone (4 mg twice a day) or a lifestyle-intervention program focusing on weight loss through eating and activity behaviors. The primary outcome was loss of glycemic control, defined as a glycated hemoglobin level of at least 8% for 6 months or sustained metabolic decompensation requiring insulin.ResultsOf the 699 randomly assigned participants (mean duration of diagnosed type 2 diabetes, 7.8 months), 319 (45.6%) reached the primary outcome over an average follow-up of 3.86 years. Rates of failure were 51.7% (120 of 232 participants), 38.6% (90 of 233), and 46.6% (109 of 234) for metformin alone, metformin plus rosiglitazone, and metformin plus lifestyle intervention, respectively. Metformin plus rosiglitazone was superior to metformin alone (P=0.006); metformin plus lifestyle intervention was intermediate but not significantly different from metformin alone or metformin plus rosiglitazone. Prespecified analyses according to sex and race or ethnic group showed differences in sustained effectiveness, with metformin alone least effective in non-Hispanic black participants and metformin plus rosiglitazone most effective in girls. Serious adverse events were reported in 19.2% of participants.ConclusionsMonotherapy with metformin was associated with durable glycemic control in approximately half of children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes. The addition of rosiglitazone, but not an intensive lifestyle intervention, was superior to metformin alone. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and others; TODAY ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00081328.).

Project description:ImportanceYouth-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with poor glycemic control and early onset of complications. Identification of psychosocial factors associated with poor glycemic control is needed to inform efficacious interventions.ObjectiveTo identify psychosocial factors associated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes.Design, setting, and participantsFor the iCount cohort study, HbA1c levels were measured twice (at baseline [T1] and at 1 year [T2]) during the last years (2017-2019) of the observational phase of the multicenter Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY2) study. Participants were young adults who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes during childhood or adolescence. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to September 2023.Main outcomes and measuresGlycemic control was examined categorically (high [≥8.0%] vs low [<8.0%] HbA1c), continuously (HbA1c level), and over time (change in HbA1c: decreased ≥0.5%, remained stable, or increased ≥0.5%). Psychosocial measures included beliefs about medicines, depression and anxiety symptoms, diabetes distress, diabetes self-efficacy, self-management support, and unmet material needs. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models evaluated the association of each psychosocial factor with the probability of T2 HbA1c of 8.0% or greater, T2 HbA1c level, and change in HbA1c.ResultsOf the 411 TODAY2 participants approached, 381 enrolled in the iCount study, and 348 with T1 and T2 HbA1c data comprised the analysis group. The 348 participants had a mean (SD) age of 26.1 (2.5) years and a mean (SD) HbA1c of 9.4% (2.8%). Most participants (229 [65.8%]) were women. In adjusted multivariable regressions, greater beliefs that diabetes medicines are necessary (odds ratio [OR], 1.19 [95% CI, 1.03-1.37]; P = .02), concerns about medicines (OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.00-1.45]; P = .049), diabetes distress (OR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]; P = .006), and high distress (OR, 2.18 [95% CI, 1.15-4.13]; P = .02) increased the odds of high HbA1c at T2. Greater support (OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.46-0.97]; P = .04) and diabetes self-efficacy (OR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84-0.99]; P = .02) decreased the odds of high HbA1c at T2. Diabetes distress was associated with higher HbA1c level at T2 (coefficient, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.02-0.13]; P = .01). Beliefs that diabetes medicines are necessary (OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.03-1.39]; P = .02) and concerns about medicines (OR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.00-1.47]; P = .048) increased the odds of an HbA1c decrease of at least 0.5% over 1 year.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes, beliefs about medicines, high diabetes distress, low diabetes self-efficacy, and self-management support were associated with high HbA1c over time. Future research should assess whether interventions that address these factors result in improved glycemic control in this at-risk group.

Dataset Information

Dysglycemia among youth with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control in the Flexible Lifestyle Empowering Change trial.

Publications

Dysglycemia among youth with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control in the Flexible Lifestyle Empowering Change trial.

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