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Appropriate radiation dose for symptomatic relief and local control in patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.

ABSTRACT: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive peripheral T-cell neoplasm that occurs only in patients with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. No large study or randomized trial investigating radiotherapy (RT) for ATL has been performed. We retrospectively reviewed 55 courses of RT for 41 consecutive patients with ATL who underwent RT between 2000 and 2016 at our institutions. The results showed that RT for local ATL lesions can achieve symptomatic improvement in 92% of cases. Local remission, either complete remission (CR) or partial response (PR), was achieved in 100% of the patients (CR: 89%, PR: 11%) with ?40 Gy irradiation. CR or PR was achieved in 71% (CR: 29%, PR: 43%) with 30-39 Gy and in 73% (CR: 6.7%, PR: 67%) with ?29 Gy irradiation. The mean total radiation dose in the CR and PR groups differed significantly (38 vs 25 Gy, P = 0.0002). The maximum acute toxicity was Grade 0-2 in all patients, except for one patient experienced Grade 3 radiation dermatitis. In-field relapses occurred in 36% of patients, and the frequency of in-field relapses was 11%, 30% and 71% among those who achieved CR, PR and SD, respectively. All 9 patients who received total skin irradiation experienced cutaneous relapses, with a median of 63 days (range, 7-210 days). Almost all (39 of 41) patients with ATL experienced out-of-field progression after RT. In conclusion, RT was confirmed to be effective and safe for palliative treatment of local ATL lesions.

SUBMITTER: Maemoto H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6373688 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Appropriate radiation dose for symptomatic relief and local control in patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Maemoto Hitoshi H Ariga Takuro T Nakachi Sawako S Toita Takafumi T Hashimoto Seiji S Heianna Joichi J Shiina Hideki H Kusada Takeaki T Makino Wataru W Kakinohana Yasumasa Y Miyagi Takuya T Yamamoto Yuichi Y Morishima Satoko S Masuzaki Hiroaki H Murayama Sadayuki S

Journal of radiation research 20190101 1

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive peripheral T-cell neoplasm that occurs only in patients with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. No large study or randomized trial investigating radiotherapy (RT) for ATL has been performed. We retrospectively reviewed 55 courses of RT for 41 consecutive patients with ATL who underwent RT between 2000 and 2016 at our institutions. The results showed that RT for local ATL lesions can achieve symptomatic improvement in 92% of cases. Local remi ...[more]

PMID: 30124892

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Project description:Adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy secondary to chronic infection with the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) retrovirus. ATL carries a dismal prognosis. ATL classifies into four subtypes (acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering) which display different clinical features, prognosis and response to therapy, hence requiring different clinical management. Smoldering and chronic subtypes respond well to antiretroviral therapy using the combination of zidovudine (AZT) and interferon-alpha (IFN) with a significant prolongation of survival. Conversely, the watch and wait strategy or chemotherapy for these indolent subtypes allies with a poor long-term outcome. Acute ATL is associated with chemo-resistance and dismal prognosis. Lymphoma subtypes respond better to intensive chemotherapy but survival remains poor. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) results in long-term survival in roughly one third of transplanted patients but only a small percentage of patients can make it to transplant. Overall, current treatments of aggressive ATL are not satisfactory. Prognosis of refractory or relapsed patients is dismal with some encouraging results when using lenalidomide or mogamulizumab. To overcome resistance and prevent relapse, preclinical or pilot clinical studies using targeted therapies such as arsenic/IFN, monoclonal antibodies, epigenetic therapies are promising but warrant further clinical investigation. Anti-ATL vaccines including Tax peptide-pulsed dendritic cells, induced Tax-specific CTL responses in ATL patients. Finally, based on the progress in understanding the pathophysiology of ATL, and the risk-adapted treatment approaches to different ATL subtypes, treatment strategies of ATL should take into account the host immune responses and the host microenvironment including HTLV-1 infected non-malignant cells. Herein, we will provide a summary of novel treatments of ATL in vitro, in vivo, and in early clinical trials.

Dataset Information

Appropriate radiation dose for symptomatic relief and local control in patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Publications

Appropriate radiation dose for symptomatic relief and local control in patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.

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