Dataset Information

Are birthweight and postnatal weight gain in childhood associated with blood pressure in early adolescence? Results from a Ugandan birth cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In Africa, where low birthweight (LBW), malnutrition and high blood pressure (BP) are prevalent, the relationships between birthweight (BW), weight gain and BP later in life remain uncertain. We examined the effects of early life growth on BP among Ugandan adolescents.

Methods

Data were collected prenatally from women and their offspring were followed from birth, with BP measured following standard protocols in early adolescence. Weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) were computed using World Health Organization references. Linear regression was used to relate BW, and changes in WAZ between birth and 5 years, to adolescents' BP, adjusting for confounders.

Results

Among 2345 live offspring, BP was measured in 1119 (47.7%) adolescents, with mean systolic BP 105.9?mmHg and mean diastolic BP 65.2?mmHg. There was little evidence of association between BW and systolic [regression coefficient ? = 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-1.00, 1.27)] or diastolic [? = 0.43, 95% CI (-0.57, 1.43)] BP. Accelerated weight gain between birth and 5 years was associated with increased BP: systolic ? = 1.17, 95% CI (0.69, 1.66) and diastolic ? = 1.03, 95% CI (0.59, 1.47). Between birth and 6 months of age, effects of accelerated weight gain on adolescent BP were strongest among the LBW (both premature and small-for-gestational-age) children [BW?ConclusionsFindings from this large tropical birth cohort in Uganda suggest that postnatal weight gain rather than BW is important in the developmental programming of BP, with fast-growing LBW children at particular risk. Efforts to control BP should adopt a life course approach.

SUBMITTER: Lule SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6380421 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Are birthweight and postnatal weight gain in childhood associated with blood pressure in early adolescence? Results from a Ugandan birth cohort.

Lule Swaib A SA Namara Benigna B Akurut Helen H Muhangi Lawrence L Lubyayi Lawrence L Nampijja Margaret M Akello Florence F Tumusiime Josephine J Aujo Judith C JC Oduru Gloria G Smeeth Liam L Elliott Alison M AM Webb Emily L EL

International journal of epidemiology 20190201 1

<h4>Background</h4>In Africa, where low birthweight (LBW), malnutrition and high blood pressure (BP) are prevalent, the relationships between birthweight (BW), weight gain and BP later in life remain uncertain. We examined the effects of early life growth on BP among Ugandan adolescents.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were collected prenatally from women and their offspring were followed from birth, with BP measured following standard protocols in early adolescence. Weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) were compu ...[more]

PMID: 29982658

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Project description:RationaleThe prevalence of childhood asthma has been increasing worldwide in parallel with childhood obesity.ObjectivesWe investigated whether there is a temporal relationship between early life weight gain (reflecting growth velocity) and early life body mass index (BMI) attained status (reflecting accumulative weight) with future risk of asthma in the Boston Birth Cohort.MethodsThis report includes 1,928 children from the Boston Birth Cohort with a mean age of 7.8 years (standard deviation, 3.3 yr), enrolled at birth and followed prospectively. Asthma was defined using physician diagnosis code (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 493.xx) in children 2 years and older. We categorized the children by their weight gain trajectory on the basis of changes in z-scores: slow (less than -0.67), on track (-0.67 to 0.67), rapid (0.67-1.28), and extremely rapid (>1.28); and by their BMI attained status (underweight, normal weight, and overweight) during the first 4, 12, and 24 months. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimation were applied to examine the relationship between early life weight gain/attained BMI and asthma.ResultsDuring the first 4 months of life, 37% had on-track weight grain, 22% had slow weight gain, 15% had rapid weight gain, and 26% had extremely rapid weight gain. At 4 months, 61% were normal weight, 7% were underweight, and 32% were overweight. In adjusted analyses, extremely rapid early life weight gain during the first 4 and 24 months of life were each associated with increased risks of asthma (risk ratio, 1.34 for extremely rapid weight gain at 4 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.70; risk ratio, 1.32 for extremely rapid weight gain at 24 months; 95% CI, 1.00-1.75) Similarly, overweight at 4, 12, and 24 months were each associated with an increased risk of asthma. Analyses that further adjusted for birthweight or preterm birth showed similar findings.ConclusionsIn this predominantly urban U.S. low-income minority birth cohort, excessive early life weight gain and overweight status were both associated with an increased risk of asthma in childhood.

Dataset Information

Are birthweight and postnatal weight gain in childhood associated with blood pressure in early adolescence? Results from a Ugandan birth cohort.

Background

Methods

Results

Publications

Are birthweight and postnatal weight gain in childhood associated with blood pressure in early adolescence? Results from a Ugandan birth cohort.

Similar Datasets

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