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ABSTRACT: Objective
This study aimed to compare self-reported with objective measurements of energy intake changes (?EI) during a 1-year weight-loss intervention with subjects randomized to low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diets.Methods
Repeated body weight measurements were used as inputs to an objective mathematical model to calculate ?EIModel and to compare with self-reported energy intake changes assessed by repeated 24-hour recalls (?EIRecall ).Results
?EIRecall indicated a relatively persistent state of calorie restriction of ~500 to 600 kcal/d at 3, 6, and 12 months with no significant differences between the diets. ?EIModel demonstrated large early decreases in calorie intake > 800 kcal/d followed by an exponential return to ~100 kcal/d below baseline at the end of the year. Accounting for self-reported physical activities did not materially affect the results. Discrepancies between ?EIModel and ?EIRecall became progressively greater over time. The low-carbohydrate diet resulted in ?EIModel that was 162 ± 53 kcal/d lower than the low-fat diet over the first 3 months (P? = ?0.002), but no significant diet differences were found thereafter.Conclusions
Self-reported ?EI measurements were inaccurate. Model-based calculations of ?EI found that instructions to follow the low-carbohydrate diet resulted in greater calorie restriction than the low-fat diet in the early phases of the intervention, but these diet differences were not sustained.
SUBMITTER: Guo J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6392435 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature