Dataset Information

Antimicrobial Activity of Omadacycline Tested against Clinical Bacterial Isolates from Hospitals in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan: Results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2013 to 2016).

ABSTRACT: Omadacycline is a derivative of minocycline and the first agent of the aminomethylcycline class. A total of 3,282 organisms (1 per patient) were consecutively collected from patients hospitalized in China (including Hong Kong) and Taiwan. Susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution methods in a central laboratory (JMI Laboratories). The collection included Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms from patients with pneumonia, bloodstream, skin, community-acquired respiratory, and other infections. Omadacycline was very potent against Staphylococcus aureus (n = 689; MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 mg/liter), including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; n = 299; MIC50/90, 0.12/0.5 mg/liter), and had similar activity across geographic regions. Omadacycline was very active against Streptococcus pneumoniae (highest MIC, 0.25 mg/liter), ?-hemolytic streptococci (highest MIC, 1 mg/liter), viridans group streptococci (highest MIC, 0.25 mg/liter), and Enterococcus spp. (highest MIC, 0.5 mg/liter) from all geographic regions. Overall, 53.8% of S. pneumoniae isolates were penicillin resistant (penicillin MIC, ?2 mg/liter) and 10.7% of enterococci (21.2% among E. faecium isolates) were vancomycin resistant. Omadacycline was active against Haemophilus influenzae (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 mg/liter) regardless of ?-lactamase production and was active against Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC50/90, ?0.12/0.25 mg/liter). Against Enterobacteriaceae, omadacycline was most active against Escherichia coli (MIC50/90, 1/2 mg/liter), Klebsiella oxytoca (MIC50/90, 1/4 mg/liter), and Enterobacter cloacae (MIC50/90, 2/4 mg/liter). Omadacycline had potent in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens isolated from China and Taiwan and retained activity against problem pathogens, such as MRSA, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSPN), and extended-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing E. coli The observed MIC profile in Chinese isolates was very similar to that seen in the U.S. and European surveillance studies.

SUBMITTER: Carvalhaes CG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6395890 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Omadacycline Tested against Clinical Bacterial Isolates from Hospitals in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan: Results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2013 to 2016).

Carvalhaes Cecilia G CG Huband Michael D MD Reinhart Harald H HH Flamm Robert K RK Sader Helio S HS

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20190226 3

Omadacycline is a derivative of minocycline and the first agent of the aminomethylcycline class. A total of 3,282 organisms (1 per patient) were consecutively collected from patients hospitalized in China (including Hong Kong) and Taiwan. Susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution methods in a central laboratory (JMI Laboratories). The collection included Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms from patients with pneumonia, bloodstream, skin, community-acquired respiratory, an ...[more]

PMID: 30617092

Similar Datasets

Project description:The prevalence of autism spectrum conditions (ASC) is 1% in developed countries, but little data are available from mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. This study synthesizes evidence relating to the prevalence of ASC in these areas and assesses the effects of research methodology on prevalence estimates.Systematic literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, China Web of Knowledge and Weipu databases, as well as relevant papers published from 1987 to 2011, reporting prevalence estimates of ASC or childhood autism in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Summary estimates of prevalence were calculated with a random effects model. The effects of research methodology on the prevalence estimates were assessed using a meta-regression model.There were 25 studies eligible for review, 18 of which were suitable for inclusion in a meta-analysis. Pooled prevalence of childhood autism was 11.8 per 10,000 individuals (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.2, 15.3) in mainland China. Pooled prevalence of ASC was 26.6 per 10,000 (95% CI: 18.5, 34.6) in three areas. Substantial heterogeneity was identified between studies (I2>75%). The prevalence estimate of childhood autism was most strongly associated with the choice of screening instrument. After adjustment for age group, the odds ratio for prevalence estimates when using the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) as the screening instrument compared with those using the Clancy Autism Behavior Scale (CABS) was 0.29 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.69), and 1.79 (95% CI: 0.70, 4.55; P= 0.20) when using the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) compared to the CABS.The available studies investigating the prevalence of ASC in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan have focused mainly on childhood autism rather than the whole spectrum. The prevalence estimates are lower than estimates from developed countries. Studies using more recently developed screening instruments reported higher prevalence than older ones. However, available studies have methodological weaknesses and therefore these results lack comparability with those from developed countries. Our findings indicate a potential under-diagnosis and under-detection of ASC in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and a need to adopt more advanced methods for research of ASC in these areas.

Project description:Omadacycline is a broad-spectrum aminomethylcycline approved in October 2018 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia as both an oral and intravenous once-daily formulation. In this report, the activities of omadacycline and comparators were tested against 49,000 nonduplicate bacterial isolates collected prospectively during 2016 to 2018 from medical centers in Europe (24,500 isolates, 40 medical centers [19 countries]) and the United States (24,500 isolates, 33 medical centers [23 states and all 9 U.S. census divisions]). Omadacycline was tested by broth microdilution following the methods in Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute document M07 (Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard, 11th ed., 2018). Omadacycline (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25?mg/liter) inhibited 98.6% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates at ?0.5?mg/liter, including 96.3% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates and 99.8% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates. Omadacycline potency was comparable for Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12?mg/liter), viridans group streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12?mg/liter), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25?mg/liter), regardless of species and susceptibility to penicillin, macrolides, or tetracycline. Omadacycline was active against all Enterobacterales tested (MIC50/90, 1/8?mg/liter; 87.5% of isolates were inhibited at ?4?mg/liter) except Proteus mirabilis (MIC50/90, 16/>32?mg/liter) and indole-positive Proteus spp. (MIC50/90, 8/32?mg/liter) and was most active against Escherichia coli (MIC50/90, 0.5/2?mg/liter), Klebsiella oxytoca (MIC50/90, 1/2?mg/liter), and Citrobacter spp. (MIC50/90, 1/4?mg/liter). Omadacycline inhibited 92.4% of Enterobacter cloacae species complex and 88.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates at ?4?mg/liter. Omadacycline was active against Haemophilus influenzae (MIC50/90, 0.5/1?mg/liter), regardless of ?-lactamase status, and against Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC50/90, ?0.12/0.25?mg/liter). The potent activity of omadacycline against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria indicates that omadacycline merits further study in serious infections in which multidrug resistance and mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections may be a concern.

Project description:BackgroundThe fact that the number of individuals with obesity has increased worldwide calls into question media efforts for informing the public. This study attempts to determine the ways in which the mainstream digital news covers the etiology of obesity and diseases associated with the burden of obesity.ObjectiveThe dual objectives of this study are to obtain an understanding of what the news reports on obesity and to explore meaning in data by extending the preconceived grounded theory.MethodsThe 10 years of news text from 2010 to 2019 compared the development of obesity-related coverage and its potential impact on its perception in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Digital news stories on obesity along with affliction and inferences in 9 Chinese mainstream newspapers were sampled. An automatic content analysis tool, DiVoMiner was proposed. This computer-aided platform is designed to organize and filter large sets of data on the basis of the patterns of word occurrence and term discovery. Another programming language, Python 3, was used to explore connections and patterns created by the aggregated interactions.ResultsA total of 30,968 news stories were identified with increasing attention since 2016. The highest intensity of newspaper coverage of obesity communication was observed in Taiwan. Overall, a stronger focus on 2 shared causative attributes of obesity is on stress (n=4483, 33.0%) and tobacco use (n=3148, 23.2%). The burdens of obesity and cardiovascular diseases are implied to be the most, despite the aggregated interaction of edge centrality showing the highest link between the "cancer" and obesity. This study goes beyond traditional journalism studies by extending the framework of computational and customizable web-based text analysis. This could set a norm for researchers and practitioners who work on data projects largely for an innovative attempt.ConclusionsSimilar to previous studies, the discourse between the obesity epidemic and personal afflictions is the most emphasized approach. Our study also indicates that the inclination of blaming personal attributes for health afflictions potentially limits social and governmental responsibility for addressing this issue.

Project description:BackgroundChina is estimated to have had the largest number of people with diabetes in the world in 2015, with extrapolation of existing data suggesting that this situation will continue until at least 2030. Type 2 diabetes has been reported to be more prevalent among people with low socioeconomic status (SES) in high-income countries, whereas the opposite pattern has been found in studies from low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a systematic review to describe the cross-sectional association between SES and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in Medline, Embase and Global Health electronic databases for English language studies reporting prevalence or odds ratio for type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population for different SES groups measured by education, income and occupation. We appraised the quality of included studies using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity of studies precluded meta-analyses, therefore we summarized study results using a narrative synthesis.ResultsThirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. The association between education, income and occupation and type 2 diabetes was reported by 27, 19 and 12 studies, respectively. Most, but not all, studies reported an inverse association between education and type 2 diabetes, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.39 (CI not reported) to 1.52 (95% CI 0.91 - 2.54) for the highest compared to the lowest education level. The association between income and type 2 diabetes was inconsistent between studies. Only a small number of studies identified a significant association between occupation and type 2 diabetes. Retired people and people working in white collar jobs were reported to have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes than other occupational groups even after adjusting for age.ConclusionsThis first systematic review of the association between individual SES and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in China found that low education is probably associated with an increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes, while the association between income and occupation and type 2 diabetes is unclear.

Dataset Information

Antimicrobial Activity of Omadacycline Tested against Clinical Bacterial Isolates from Hospitals in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan: Results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2013 to 2016).

Publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Omadacycline Tested against Clinical Bacterial Isolates from Hospitals in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan: Results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2013 to 2016).

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets