Insulin deficiency and intranasal insulin alter brain mitochondrial function: a potential factor for dementia in diabetes.

ABSTRACT: Despite the strong association between diabetes and dementia, it remains to be fully elucidated how insulin deficiency adversely affects brain functions. We show that insulin deficiency in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice decreased mitochondrial ATP production and/or citrate synthase and cytochrome oxidase activities in the cerebrum, hypothalamus, and hippocampus. Concomitant decrease in mitochondrial fusion proteins and increased fission proteins in these brain regions likely contributed to altered mitochondrial function. Although insulin deficiency did not cause any detectable increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) emission, inhibition of monocarboxylate transporters increased ROS emission and further reduced ATP production, indicating the causative roles of elevated ketones and l

SUBMITTER: Ruegsegger GN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6404590 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature