Dataset Information

Biobehavioral Markers of Attention Bias Modification in Temperamental Risk for Anxiety: A Randomized Control Trial.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Children with behavioral inhibition, a temperament characterized by biologically based hypervigilance to novelty and social withdrawal, are at high risk for developing anxiety. This study examined the effect of a novel attention training protocol, attention bias modification (ABM), on symptomatic, behavioral, and neural risk markers in children with behavioral inhibition. METHOD:Nine- to 12-year-old typically developing children identified as having behavioral inhibition (N = 84) were assigned to a 4-session active ABM training (n = 43) or placebo protocol (n = 41) using a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial approach. Anxiety symptoms (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Fourth Edition), attention bias (AB; measured by a dot-probe task; AB = incongruent reaction time - congruent reaction time), and AB-related neural activation (measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging activation for the incongruent > congruent contrast in the dot-probe task) were assessed before and after the training sessions. RESULTS:Results showed that active ABM (n = 40) significantly alleviated participants' symptoms of separation anxiety, but not social anxiety, compared with the placebo task (n = 40); ABM did not modify behavioral AB scores in the dot-probe task; and at the neural level, active ABM (n = 15) significantly decreased amygdala and insula activation and increased activation in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex compared with placebo (n = 19). CONCLUSION:These findings provide important evidence for ABM as a potentially effective protective tool for temperamentally at-risk children in a developmental window before the emergence of clinical disorder and open to prevention and intervention. Clinical trial registration information-Attention and Social Behavior in Children (BRAINS); http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT02401282.

SUBMITTER: Liu P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6409187 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biobehavioral Markers of Attention Bias Modification in Temperamental Risk for Anxiety: A Randomized Control Trial.

Liu Pan P Taber-Thomas Bradley C BC Fu Xiaoxue X Pérez-Edgar Koraly E KE

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 20171128 2

<h4>Objective</h4>Children with behavioral inhibition, a temperament characterized by biologically based hypervigilance to novelty and social withdrawal, are at high risk for developing anxiety. This study examined the effect of a novel attention training protocol, attention bias modification (ABM), on symptomatic, behavioral, and neural risk markers in children with behavioral inhibition.<h4>Method</h4>Nine- to 12-year-old typically developing children identified as having behavioral inhibition ...[more]

PMID: 29413142

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Project description:ObjectiveRandomized clinical trials of augmentation strategies for youth with treatment-resistant anxiety disorders do not exist. This report presents findings from an efficacy trial of attention bias modification treatment (ABMT) as an augment for this population compared with attention control training (ACT).MethodSixty-four youths (34 boys; mean age 11.7 years) who continued to meet for anxiety diagnoses after completing cognitive-behavioral therapy were randomized to ABMT or ACT. ABMT and ACT consisted of dot-probe attention training trials presenting angry and neutral faces; probes appeared in the location of neutral faces on 100% of trials in ABMT and 50% of trials in ACT. Independent evaluators, youths, and parents completed ratings of youth anxiety severity, and youths completed measures of attention bias to threat and attention control at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 2-month follow-up.ResultsThe 2 arms showed significant decreases in anxiety severity, with no differences between arms. Specifically, across informants, anxiety severity was significantly decreased at post-treatment and decreases were maintained at follow-up. Primary anxiety disorder diagnostic recovery combined across arms was 50% at post-treatment and 58% at follow-up. Attention control, but not attention bias to threat, was significantly improved at post-treatment in the 2 arms.ConclusionThis is the first study to show anxiety can be decreased in youth who did not respond to cognitive-behaviorial therapy, and that the anxiety-decreasing effect is found using these 2 attention training contingency schedules. These findings and increases in attention control in the 2 arms raise intriguing questions about mechanisms of decreasing anxiety in treatment-resistant youth with attention training that require further research.Clinical trial registration informationAttention Bias Modification Training for Child Anxiety CBT Nonresponders; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT01819311.

Dataset Information

Biobehavioral Markers of Attention Bias Modification in Temperamental Risk for Anxiety: A Randomized Control Trial.

Publications

Biobehavioral Markers of Attention Bias Modification in Temperamental Risk for Anxiety: A Randomized Control Trial.

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