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Nine Cases of Methanogenic Archaea in Refractory Sinusitis, an Emerging Clinical Entity.


ABSTRACT: The authors report the cases of 9 patients eventually diagnosed with methanogenic archaea refractory or recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis, a condition known to involve various anaerobic bacteria but in which the role of methanogenic archaea is unknown. The authors retrospectively searched these microorganisms by PCR in surgically-collected sinusal pus specimens from patients diagnosed with refractory sinusitis, defined by the persistance of sinus inflammation and related-symptoms for more than 12 weeks despite appropriate treatment. Of the 116 tested sinus surgical specimens, 12 (10.3%) from 9 patients (six females, three males; aged 20-71 years) were PCR-positive. These specimens were further investigated by fluorescence in-situ hybridization, PCR amplicon-sequencing and culture. Methanobrevibacter smithii was documented in four patients and Methanobrevibacter oralis in another four, one of whom was also culture-positive. They were associated with a mixed flora including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the latter patient, "Methanobrevibacter massiliense" was the sole microorganism detected. These results highlight methanogenic archaea as being part of a mixed anaerobic flora involved in refractory sinusitis, and suggest that the treatment of this condition should include an antibiotic active against methanogens, notably a nitroimidazole derivative.

SUBMITTER: Sogodogo E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6409293 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nine Cases of Methanogenic Archaea in Refractory Sinusitis, an Emerging Clinical Entity.

Sogodogo Elisabeth E   Fellag Mustapha M   Loukil Ahmed A   Nkamga Vanessa Demonfort VD   Michel Justin J   Dessi Patrick P   Fournier Pierre-Edouard PE   Drancourt Michel M  

Frontiers in public health 20190304


The authors report the cases of 9 patients eventually diagnosed with methanogenic archaea refractory or recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis, a condition known to involve various anaerobic bacteria but in which the role of methanogenic archaea is unknown. The authors retrospectively searched these microorganisms by PCR in surgically-collected sinusal pus specimens from patients diagnosed with refractory sinusitis, defined by the persistance of sinus inflammation and related-symptoms for more than  ...[more]

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