Dataset Information

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways for Abdominal Fat Deposition in Ovariectomized and Sham-Operated Chickens.

ABSTRACT: Ovariectomy results in improved meat quality (growth rate, tenderness, and flavor) of broilers. However, some negative effects increased (abdominal fat (AF) deposition, low feed conversion, etc.) have also been reported. In this study, the gene expression profiles of AF tissue in ovariectomized and sham-operated chickens were determined to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying AF accumulation. Comparing the ovariectomized group and the sham-operated group, the abdominal fat weight (AFW) and abdominal fat percentage (AFP) were increased significantly (p < 0.05) at 14 and 19 weeks after ovariectomy. According to the gene expression profiling analysis, 108 DEGs of fat metabolism were screened from 1461 DEGs. Among them, ABCA1, ABCACA, LPL, CREB1, PNPLA2, which are involved in glycerolipid-or steroid-associated biological processes, and the hormone receptor genes, ESR1 and PRLR, were down-regulated significantly in the ovariectomized group compared to the sham-operated group (p < 0.05). Conversely, CETP, DGAT2, DHCR24, HSD17B7 and MSMO1, were significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) after ovariectomy. Based on the DEGs, the glycerolipid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, and other signaling pathways (MAPK, TGF-?, and adhesion pathways, etc.) were enriched, which may also contribute to the regulation of AF deposition. Our data suggest that AF deposition was significantly increased in ovariectomized chickens by the down-regulation of the decomposition genes of glycerolipid metabolism, which inhibits AF degradation, and the up-regulation of steroid biosynthesis genes, which increases fat accumulation. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of fat deposition in the ovariectomized chickens.

SUBMITTER: Mu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6410310 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways for Abdominal Fat Deposition in Ovariectomized and Sham-Operated Chickens.

Mu Xiaopeng X Cui Xiaoyan X Liu Ranran R Li Qinghe Q Zheng Maiqing M Zhao Guiping G Ge Changrong C Wen Jie J Hu Yaodong Y Cui Huanxian H

Genes 20190218 2

Ovariectomy results in improved meat quality (growth rate, tenderness, and flavor) of broilers. However, some negative effects increased (abdominal fat (AF) deposition, low feed conversion, etc.) have also been reported. In this study, the gene expression profiles of AF tissue in ovariectomized and sham-operated chickens were determined to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying AF accumulation. Comparing the ovariectomized group ...[more]

PMID: 30781724

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The distribution and deposition of fat tissue in different parts of the body are the key factors affecting the carcass quality and meat flavour of chickens. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is an important factor associated with meat quality, while abdominal fat (AbF) is regarded as one of the main factors affecting poultry slaughter efficiency. To investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular regulatory mechanisms related to adipogenic differentiation between IMF- and AbF-derived preadipocytes, we analysed the mRNA expression profiles in preadipocytes (0d, Pre-) and adipocytes (10d, Ad-) from IMF and AbF of Gushi chickens. RESULTS:AbF-derived preadipocytes exhibited a higher adipogenic differentiation ability (96.4% + 0.6) than IMF-derived preadipocytes (86.0% + 0.4) (p < 0.01). By Ribo-Zero RNA sequencing, we obtained 4403 (2055 upregulated and 2348 downregulated) and 4693 (2797 upregulated and 1896 downregulated) DEGs between preadipocytes and adipocytes in the IMF and Ad groups, respectively. For IMF-derived preadipocyte differentiation, pathways related to the PPAR signalling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathway were significantly enriched. For AbF-derived preadipocyte differentiation, the steroid biosynthesis pathways, calcium signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction pathway were significantly enriched. A large number of DEGs related to lipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and preadipocyte differentiation, such as PPARG, ACSBG2, FABP4, FASN, APOA1 and INSIG1, were identified in our study. CONCLUSION:This study revealed large transcriptomic differences between IMF- and AbF-derived preadipocyte differentiation. A large number of DEGs and transcription factors that were closely related to fatty acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and preadipocyte differentiation were identified in the present study. Additionally, the microenvironment of IMF- and AbF-derived preadipocyte may play a significant role in adipogenic differentiation. This study provides valuable evidence to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis and fat deposition in chickens.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Intramuscular fat (IMF) is one of the important factors influencing meat quality, however, for chickens, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying this trait have not yet been determined. In this study, a systematic identification of candidate genes and new pathways related to IMF deposition in chicken breast tissue has been made using gene expression profiles of two distinct breeds: Beijing-you (BJY), a slow-growing Chinese breed possessing high meat quality and Arbor Acres (AA), a commercial fast-growing broiler line. RESULTS: Agilent cDNA microarray analyses were conducted to determine gene expression profiles of breast muscle sampled at different developmental stages of BJY and AA chickens. Relative to d 1 when there is no detectable IMF, breast muscle at d 21, d 42, d 90 and d 120 (only for BJY) contained 1310 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BJY and 1080 DEGs in AA. Of these, 34-70 DEGs related to lipid metabolism or muscle development processes were examined further in each breed based on Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The expression of several DEGs was correlated, positively or negatively, with the changing patterns of lipid content or breast weight across the ages sampled, indicating that those genes may play key roles in these developmental processes. In addition, based on KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs in both BJY and AA chickens, it was found that in addition to pathways affecting lipid metabolism (pathways for MAPK & PPAR signaling), cell junction-related pathways (tight junction, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, regulation of actin cytoskeleton), which play a prominent role in maintaining the integrity of tissues, could contribute to the IMF deposition. CONCLUSION: The results of this study identified potential candidate genes associated with chicken IMF deposition and imply that IMF deposition in chicken breast muscle is regulated and mediated not only by genes and pathways related to lipid metabolism and muscle development, but also by others involved in cell junctions. These findings establish the groundwork and provide new clues for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying IMF deposition in poultry. Further studies at the translational and posttranslational level are now required to validate the genes and pathways identified here.

Project description:Chickens are one of the most important sources of meat worldwide, and the growth status of abdominal fat is closely related to production efficiency. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in lipid metabolism and deposition regulation. However, research on the expression profile of lncRNAs related to the development of abdominal fat in chickens after hatching and their interaction regulatory networks is still lacking. To characterize the lncRNA expression profile during the development of chicken abdominal fat, abdominal adipose tissues from 6-, 14-, 22-, and 30-week-old Chinese Gushi chickens were herein used to construct 12 cDNA libraries, and a total of 3,827 new lncRNAs and 5,466 previously annotated lncRNAs were revealed. At the same time, based on the comparative analysis of five combinations, 276 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were screened. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the predicted target genes of these DE-lncRNAs were significantly enriched in pathways related to the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, negative regulation of cell proliferation, cell adhesion and other biological processes, glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, PPAR signaling, fatty acid degradation, fatty acid synthesis and others. In addition, association analysis of the lncRNA transcriptome profile was performed, and DE-lncRNA-related lncRNA-mRNA, lncRNA-miRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction regulatory networks were constructed. The results showed that DE-lncRNA formed a complex network with PPAR pathway components, including PPARD, ACOX1, ADIPOQ, CPT1A, FABP5, ASBG2, LPL, PLIN2 and related miRNAs, including mir-200b-3p, mir-130b-3p, mir-215-5p, mir-122-5p, mir-223 and mir-125b-5p, and played an important regulatory role in biological processes such as lipid metabolism, adipocyte proliferation and differentiation. This study described the dynamic expression profile of lncRNAs in the abdominal fat of Gushi chickens for the first time and constructed the DE-lncRNA interaction regulatory network. The results expand the number of known lncRNAs in chicken abdominal fat and provide valuable resources for further elucidating the posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism of chicken abdominal fat development or deposition.

Project description:BackgroundIntramuscular fat (IMF) is one of the important factors influencing meat quality, however, for chickens, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying this trait have not yet been clear. In this study, a systematic identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular regulatory mechanism related to IMF metabolism between Beijing-you chicken breast and thigh at 42 and 90 days of age was performed.ResultsIMF contents, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were analyzed, The results showed that both IMF contents in breast at 42 and 90 d were significantly lower (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) than those in thigh. By microarray, 515 common known DEGs and 36 DEGs related to IMF metabolism were identified between the breast and thigh at 42 and 90 d. Compared to thigh, the expression levels of PPARG had significantly down-regulated (P < 0.01) in breast, but the expression levels of RXRA and CEBPB had significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01). However, the expression levels of LPL, FABP4, THRSP, RBP7, LDLR, FABP3, CPT2 and PPARGC1A had significantly down-regulated in breast (P < 0.01), supporting that PPARG and its down-stream genes had the important regulatory function to IMF deposition. In addition, based on of DEGs, KEGG analysis revealed that PPAR signaling pathway and cell junction-related pathways (focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction, which play a prominent role in maintaining the integrity of tissues), might contribute to the IMF metabolism in chicken.ConclusionsOur data had screened the potential candidate genes associated with chicken IMF metabolism, and imply that IMF metabolism in chicken is regulated and mediated not only by related functional genes and PPAR pathway, but also by others involved in cell junctions. These findings establish the groundwork and provide new clues for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying IMF deposition in poultry. Further studies at the translational and posttranslational level are now required to validate the genes and pathways identified here.

Dataset Information

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways for Abdominal Fat Deposition in Ovariectomized and Sham-Operated Chickens.

Publications

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways for Abdominal Fat Deposition in Ovariectomized and Sham-Operated Chickens.

Similar Datasets

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