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Husks of Zea mays as a potential source of biopolymers for food additives and materials' development.

ABSTRACT: Maize husks, an agricultural and industrial residue generated in a large volume, were investigated as a potential source of useful biopolymers. Thus, their chemical composition was firstly studied, after which two biopolymer products were obtained and characterized. Maize husks were dried and milled, obtaining a 210 ?m-main particle size powder (MHP). It contained carotenes (4 mg/100 g), and exhibited antioxidant capacity (?195 mg ascorbic acid/100 g MHP) coming also from extractable coumaric and cinnamic acids-derivatives (14 mg/100 g). A 31% of the MPH was water-soluble at room temperature, mainly constituted by fructose, glucose, and sorbitol of mesophylls' intracellular origin. The water insoluble fiber (WIF, ?70%), which showed antioxidant capacity (?25-33 mg ascorbic acid/100 g WIF), was almost entirely constituted by the cell wall biopolymers or alcohol insoluble residue (AIR) of the MPH, mostly arabinoxylans (?26%) crosslinked by ferulic residues (18.6 mg/100 g MPH), and cellulose (26%). Low levels of pectins (5.5%) and lignin (7%) were found. Hence, a 1.25%-sulfur nanocellulose (NCC) was directly obtained with sulfuric acid (-15 mV Zeta-potential; 147 °C onset of thermal-degradation) without the necessity of previous delignification. On the other hand, a water soluble arabinoxylan enriched fraction (AX-EF) with pseudoplastic behavior in water and sensibility to calcium ions (?3 Pa?s initial Newtonian-viscosity) was isolated by alkaline hydrolysis of diferulate bridges. Despite a 56% of crystallinity, NCC showed the highest water absorption capacity when compared to that of the AX-EF and AIR. Maize husks constitute an important source of biopolymers for development of materials and food additives/ingredients with relevant hydration and antioxidant properties.

SUBMITTER: Bernhardt DC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6411502 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Husks of <i>Zea mays</i> as a potential source of biopolymers for food additives and materials' development.

Bernhardt Dana C DC Ponce Nora M A NMA Basanta Maria F MF Stortz Carlos A CA Rojas Ana M AM

Heliyon 20190308 3

Maize husks, an agricultural and industrial residue generated in a large volume, were investigated as a potential source of useful biopolymers. Thus, their chemical composition was firstly studied, after which two biopolymer products were obtained and characterized. Maize husks were dried and milled, obtaining a 210 μm-main particle size powder (MHP). It contained carotenes (4 mg/100 g), and exhibited antioxidant capacity (≈195 mg ascorbic acid/100 g MHP) coming also from extractable coumaric an ...[more]

PMID: 30906893

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Husks of Zea mays as a potential source of biopolymers for food additives and materials' development.

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Husks of <i>Zea mays</i> as a potential source of biopolymers for food additives and materials' development.

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