Dataset Information

Combined application of selected heavy metals and EDTA reduced the growth of Petunia hybrida L.

ABSTRACT: Up till now, despite of well-developed ornamental market, very little information is available on Petunia hybrida L. tolerance against heavy metals (HMs), which can contribute in both beautification of urban dwellings, as well as potential in phytoremediation. Therefore, hydroponic study was conducted to check the effects of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb individually (50 and 100??M) and with co-application of EDTA (2.5?mM) in Hoagland's nutrient solution. Results indicated higher uptake of Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in above ground parts, and Cu in roots, further the co-application of EDTA enhanced HMs uptake in P. hybrida L. This uptake accompanied changes in biochemical stress indicators, included significantly higher MDA, H₂O₂ contents and electrolyte leakage with reduced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Upon exposure to HMs increased antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POX, GST, APX, and SOD) were noted. Though selected HMs can be removed by using P. hybrida L., the findings of current study indicated that the direct exposure of P. hybrida L. to Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb damaged the plant's aesthetics, and to use P. hybrida L. for beautification of urban landscape or phytoremediation, appropriate soil modification should be included.

SUBMITTER: Khan AHA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6411725 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Combined application of selected heavy metals and EDTA reduced the growth of Petunia hybrida L.

Khan Aqib Hassan Ali AHA Butt Tayyab Ashfaq TA Mirza Cyrus Raza CR Yousaf Sohail S Nawaz Ismat I Iqbal Mazhar M

Scientific reports 20190311 1

Up till now, despite of well-developed ornamental market, very little information is available on Petunia hybrida L. tolerance against heavy metals (HMs), which can contribute in both beautification of urban dwellings, as well as potential in phytoremediation. Therefore, hydroponic study was conducted to check the effects of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb individually (50 and 100 μM) and with co-application of EDTA (2.5 mM) in Hoagland's nutrient solution. Results indicated higher uptake of Cd, Cr, Ni an ...[more]

PMID: 30858414

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Project description:BackgroundHealth risks arising from heavy metal pollution have attracted global attention. As a result, many studies on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil-plant systems have performed human health risk assessments.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine the ability of Zea mays (maize) to accumulate heavy metals and assess the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) by collecting, collating, and analyzing data on heavy metal concentrations in Zea mays.MethodsThis study reviewed the accumulation of five selected heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in soil and the corresponding BAF of Zea mays grown on those soils using a systematic search of peer-reviewed scientific journals. A total of 27 research works were reviewed after screening 52 articles for subject matter relevancy, including dumpsites, industrially polluted soils, inorganically fertilized soils, mining sites, smelting sites, municipal wastewater irrigated soils, and a battery waste dumpsite.ResultsAmong the reviewed sites, concentrations of Cd and Cr were highest at a tin mining site, where prolonged mining, mineral processing and other production activities contributed heavy metal pollution in the soil. The soil at a battery waste dumpsite exhibited the highest Pb concentration, while the soil at a Zn smelting site presented the highest concentration of Zn. The highest soil Cu concentration was found in an area where sewage irrigation had been carried out over a long period. The BAF of the five heavy metals in Zea mays increased with the metal concentrations in the soil. The BAF of Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Zn in Zea mays from the study areas fall within the ranges of 0-0.95, 0-1.89, 0-1.20, 0.011-0.99, and 0.03-0.99, respectively. Cadmium and Zn had the highest bioconcentration factors values in maize plants, likely due to their higher mobility rate compared to the other heavy metals.ConclusionsThe study concluded that Zea mays is capable of accumulating high amounts of heavy metals, although accumulation of these heavy metals is influenced by multiple factors including soil texture, cation exchange capacity, root exudation and especially soil pH and chemical forms of the heavy metals. Zea mays should not be planted on metal-contaminated soils because of its potential to act as a hyperaccumulator.Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing financial interests.

Project description:Although artificial microRNA (amiRNA) technology has been used frequently in gene silencing in plants, little research has been devoted to investigating the accuracy of amiRNA precursor processing. In this work, amiRNAchs1 (amiRchs1), based on the Arabidopsis miR319a precursor, was expressed in order to suppress the expression of CHS genes in petunia. The transgenic plants showed the CHS gene-silencing phenotype. A modified 5' RACE technique was used to map small-RNA-directed cleavage sites and to detect processing intermediates of the amiRchs1 precursor. The results showed that the target CHS mRNAs were cut at the expected sites and that the amiRchs1 precursor was processed from loop to base. The accumulation of small RNAs in amiRchs1 transgenic petunia petals was analyzed using the deep-sequencing technique. The results showed that, alongside the accumulation of the desired artificial microRNAs, additional small RNAs that originated from other regions of the amiRNA precursor were also accumulated at high frequency. Some of these had previously been found to be accumulated at low frequency in the products of ath-miR319a precursor processing and some of them were accompanied by 3'-tailing variant. Potential targets of the undesired small RNAs were discovered in petunia and other Solanaceae plants. The findings draw attention to the potential occurrence of undesired target silencing induced by such additional small RNAs when amiRNA technology is used. No appreciable production of secondary small RNAs occurred, despite the fact that amiRchs1 was designed to have perfect complementarity to its CHS-J target. This confirmed that perfect pairing between an amiRNA and its targets is not the trigger for secondary small RNA production. In conjunction with the observation that amiRNAs with perfect complementarity to their target genes show high efficiency and specificity in gene silencing, this finding has an important bearing on future applications of amiRNAs in gene silencing in plants.

Dataset Information

Combined application of selected heavy metals and EDTA reduced the growth of Petunia hybrida L.

Publications

Combined application of selected heavy metals and EDTA reduced the growth of Petunia hybrida L.

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