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Hyperoxygenation revitalizes Alzheimer's disease pathology through the upregulation of neurotrophic factors.

ABSTRACT: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by A?-induced pathology and progressive cognitive decline. The incidence of AD is growing globally, yet a prompt and effective remedy is not available. Aging is the greatest risk factor for AD. Brain aging proceeds with reduced vascularization, which can cause low oxygen (O2 ) availability. Accordingly, the question may be raised whether O2 availability in the brain affects AD pathology. We found that Tg-APP/PS1 mice treated with 100% O2 at increased atmospheric pressure in a chamber exhibited markedly reduced A? accumulation and hippocampal neuritic atrophy, increased hippocampal neurogenesis, and profoundly improved the cognitive deficits on the multiple behavioral test paradigms. Hyperoxygenation treatment increased the expression of BDNF, NT3, and NT4/5 through the upregulation of MeCP2/p-CREB activity in HT22 cells in vitro and in the hippocampus of mice. In contrast, siRNA-mediated inhibition of MeCP2 or TrkB neurotrophin receptors in the hippocampal subregion, which suppresses neurotrophin expression and neurotrophin action, respectively, blocked the therapeutic effects of hyperoxygenation on the cognitive impairments of Tg-APP/PS1 mice. Our results highlight the importance of the O2 -related mechanisms in AD pathology, which can be revitalized by hyperoxygenation treatment, and the therapeutic potential of hyperoxygenation for AD.

SUBMITTER: Choi J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6413661 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hyperoxygenation revitalizes Alzheimer's disease pathology through the upregulation of neurotrophic factors.

Choi Juli J Kwon Hye-Jin HJ Lee Jung-Eun JE Lee Yunjin Y Seoh Ju-Young JY Han Pyung-Lim PL

Aging cell 20190211 2

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Aβ-induced pathology and progressive cognitive decline. The incidence of AD is growing globally, yet a prompt and effective remedy is not available. Aging is the greatest risk factor for AD. Brain aging proceeds with reduced vascularization, which can cause low oxygen (O<sub>2</sub> ) availability. Accordingly, the question may be raised whether O<sub>2</sub> availability in the brain affects AD pathology. We found that Tg- ...[more]

PMID: 30746828

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Project description:Epidemiological studies suggest that heavy alcohol use early in life is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, mechanisms connecting AD with alcohol use have not been identified. Both heavy alcohol use and AD feature increased proinflammatory signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that adolescent binge ethanol would increase AD molecular and behavioral pathology in adulthood through proinflammatory signaling. The 3xTg-AD mouse model (APPSwe, tauP301, Psen1tm1Mpm) which features amyloid (Aβ) and tau pathology beginning at 6-12 months underwent adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE, 5 g/kg/d, i.g., P25-55) with assessment of AD pathologic mediators at P200. A second group of mice received AIE +/- minocycline (30 mg/kg/d, IP) followed by behavioral testing in adulthood. Behavioral testing and age of testing included: locomotor activity and exploration (27-28 weeks), novel object recognition (NORT, 28-30 weeks), 3-chamber sociability and social memory (29-31 weeks), prepulse inhibition (PPI, 30-32 weeks), Morris Water Maze with reversal (MWM, 31-35 weeks), and Piezo sleep monitoring (35-37 weeks). We found that AIE increased levels of neurotoxic Aβ1-42 in adult female hippocampus as well as intraneuronal Aβ1-42 in amygdala and entorhinal cortex. Phosphorylated tau at residue Thr181 (p-tau-181) was also increased in female hippocampus by AIE. Several proinflammatory genes were persistently increased by AIE in the female hippocampus, including IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-6, and IFNα. Expression of these genes was strongly correlated with the levels of Aβ1-42 and p-tau-181 in hippocampus. AIE caused persistent decreases in locomotor activity (open-field and NORT habituation) and increased anxiety-like behavior (thigmotaxis) while reducing memory retention. Treatment with the anti-inflammatory compound minocycline during AIE blocked persistent increases in Aβ1-42 in amygdala and p-tau-181 in hippocampus, and prevented AIE-induced thigmotaxis and memory loss. Together, these data find that adolescent binge ethanol enhances AD molecular and behavioral pathology in adulthood through proinflammatory signaling. Blockade of proinflammatory signaling during ethanol exposure prevents ethanol-induced effects on pathologic accumulation of AD-associated proteins and persistent behavior changes relevant to human AD.

Dataset Information

Hyperoxygenation revitalizes Alzheimer's disease pathology through the upregulation of neurotrophic factors.

Publications

Hyperoxygenation revitalizes Alzheimer's disease pathology through the upregulation of neurotrophic factors.

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