Dataset Information

Factors Associated With Marijuana Use Among Treatment-seeking Adult Cigarette Smokers in the Criminal Justice Population.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Due to the elevated rates of cigarette use and marijuana use within the criminal justice system, it is critical to develop a stronger understanding of tobacco and marijuana co-use among this population to inform future interventions. METHODS:This study is a secondary analysis of baseline data from a smoking cessation randomized clinical trial of adults (n?=?500) in a community correction program. Participants were classified as using cigarettes only or both cigarettes and marijuana through either self-report or positive urine drug screening. Demographics and measures regarding legal, drug use, smoking, mental health, and interpersonal histories were assessed. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with co-use. RESULTS:Among adults who smoked cigarettes, 25% reported current marijuana use. Individuals who used both cigarettes and marijuana were more likely than those who only used cigarettes to be African American (80%), male (73.6%), and younger (M?=?32.4 [SD?=?11.0]). Increasing difficulties with last quit attempt was associated with a reduction in the likelihood of co-use (odds ratio [OR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60-0.94, P?

SUBMITTER: Montgomery L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6417925 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar/Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Factors Associated With Marijuana Use Among Treatment-seeking Adult Cigarette Smokers in the Criminal Justice Population.

Montgomery LaTrice L Schiavon Samantha S Cropsey Karen K

Journal of addiction medicine 20190301 2

<h4>Objectives</h4>Due to the elevated rates of cigarette use and marijuana use within the criminal justice system, it is critical to develop a stronger understanding of tobacco and marijuana co-use among this population to inform future interventions.<h4>Methods</h4>This study is a secondary analysis of baseline data from a smoking cessation randomized clinical trial of adults (n = 500) in a community correction program. Participants were classified as using cigarettes only or both cigarettes a ...[more]

PMID: 30394995

Similar Datasets

Project description:Smokers in the criminal justice system represent some of the most disadvantaged smokers in the U.S., as they have high rates of smoking (70%-80%) and are primarily uninsured, with low access to medical interventions. Few studies have examined smoking-cessation interventions in racially diverse smokers, and none have examined these characteristics among individuals supervised in the community. The purpose of this study is to determine if four sessions of standard behavioral counseling for smoking cessation would differentially aid smoking cessation for African American versus non-Hispanic white smokers under community corrections supervision.An RCT.Five hundred smokers under community corrections supervision were recruited between 2009 and 2013 via flyers posted at the community corrections offices.All participants received 12 weeks of bupropion plus brief physician advice to quit smoking. Half of the participants received four sessions of 20-30 minutes of smoking-cessation counseling following tobacco treatment guidelines, whereas half received no additional counseling.Generalized estimating equations were used to determine factors associated with smoking abstinence across time. Analyses were conducted in 2014.The end-of-treatment abstinence rate across groups was 9.4%, with no significant main effects indicating group differences. However, behavioral counseling had a differential effect on cessation: whites who received counseling had higher quit rates than whites who did not receive counseling. Conversely, African Americans who did not receive counseling had higher average cessation rates than African Americans who received counseling. Overall, medication-adherent African American smokers had higher abstinence rates relative to other smokers.Racial disparities in smoking cessation are not evident among those who are adherent to medication. More research is needed to better understand the differential effect that behavioral counseling might have on treatment outcomes between white and African American smokers under community corrections supervision.

Project description:Importance:Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. When used separately or in combination, smoking cessation counseling and cessation medications have been associated with increased cessation rates. Objectives:To present trends in self-reported receipt of physician advice to quit smoking and in use of prescription smoking cessation medication along with their associated expenditures among a nationally representative sample of active adult smokers in the United States. Design, Setting, and Participants:This repeated cross-sectional study of US adults aged 18 years or older was conducted from July 5, 2018, through August 15, 2018. Data were collected between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015, from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, an annual US survey of individuals and families, health care personnel, and employers. Participants (n = 29 106) were noninstitutionalized civilians who were randomly drawn from the respondents of the previous year's National Health Interview Survey. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between sociodemographic factors and receipt of physician cessation advice and use of cessation prescription medication. A 2-part econometric model was used to assess health care expenditures. Main Outcomes and Measures:Trends in self-reported receipt of physician advice to quit and uptake of prescription smoking cessation medications with associated total and out-of-pocket expenditures. Results:The study sample consisted of 29 106 participants, with a mean (SD) age of 57 (10) years and a composition of 13 670 women (47.0%). The results were weighted to provide estimates for 31.2 million active adult cigarette smokers. The proportion of smokers who reported receiving physician advice to quit increased from 60.2% (95% CI, 58.5%-62.0%) in 2006 to 2007 to 64.9% (95% CI, 62.8%-66.9%) in 2014 to 2015, with a P for trend = .001. The odds of receiving physician cessation advice was statistically significantly higher in women (odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.39-1.59) and lower among uninsured participants (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.52-0.65). Overall, prescription smoking cessation medication use decreased with a corresponding reduction in total expenditures from $146 million (out-of-pocket cost, $46 million) in 2006 to 2007 to $73 million (out-of-pocket cost, $9 million) in 2014 to 2015. Male (odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.91), uninsured (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.41-0.83), and racial/ethnic minority (African American: OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.38-0.69]; Asian: OR, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.10-0.93]; Hispanic: OR, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.36-0.78]) participants were less likely to use prescription smoking cessation medications. Conclusions and Relevance:The lower rates of delivery of physician advice to quit smoking and the lower uptake of known prescription smoking cessation medications among men, younger adults, uninsured individuals, racial/ethnic minority groups, and those without smoking-associated comorbidities may be associated with the higher smoking rates among these subgroups despite an all-time low prevalence of smoking in the United States; this finding calls for a more targeted implementation of smoking cessation guidelines.

Dataset Information

Factors Associated With Marijuana Use Among Treatment-seeking Adult Cigarette Smokers in the Criminal Justice Population.

Publications

Factors Associated With Marijuana Use Among Treatment-seeking Adult Cigarette Smokers in the Criminal Justice Population.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure