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Characteristics of patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) from the ARIAM-SEMICYUC registry: development of a score for predicting MINOCA.

ABSTRACT: Background:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with no evidence of relevant stenosis of the coronary artery, known as myocardial infarction (MI) with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), has a prevalence of up to 14%. The various causes of MINOCA lead to damage of the myocardium, and there are marked differences in diagnoses, prognoses, and treatments. Although the number of patients affected is considerable owing to the high prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the causes of MINOCA have received little attention with the result that some patients may not receive appropriate treatment. Awareness of this disease among clinicians has started only to improve since the beginning of the current century. The aim of this study was to develop a score that enables patients with MINOCA to be distinguished from patients with MI with coronary artery disease (MI-CAD) and thus to facilitate appropriate diagnosis and therapy. Patients and methods:A multicenter observational cohort study was designed. All patients aged ?18 years from the ARIAM-SEMICYUC (Analysis of Delay in AMI-Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Unit) registry, diagnosed with AMI, and admitted to critical care units or coronary care units (CCUs) were included. Patients were classified into two groups: MINOCA, comprising patients with no significant lesions on angiography, and MI-CAD, comprising patients with lesions of the coronary artery tree. Results:A score based on standard variables to assess the probability of MINOCA on admission was designed, showing a maximum value corresponding to a 40% probability of MINOCA. The discriminative power of the model was 0.756 (P-value for the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was >0.05). At 30-day follow-up, the mortality rate was higher for MI-CAD patients. Conclusion:Patients with MINOCA constitute a population that differs from other patients with AMI. Their differential characteristics require a certain diagnostic effort to align therapy with the disease causing the ischemic event. This score could prove useful in establishing additional diagnostic procedures.

SUBMITTER: Ballesteros-Ortega D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6422404 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characteristics of patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) from the ARIAM-SEMICYUC registry: development of a score for predicting MINOCA.

Ballesteros-Ortega Daniel D Martínez-González Oscar O Gómez-Casero Rafael Blancas RB Quintana-Díaz Manuel M de Miguel-Balsa Eva E Martín-Parra Carmen C López-Matamala Blanca B Chana-García Miriam M Alonso-Fernández M Ángeles MÁ Manso-Álvarez Madián M

Vascular health and risk management 20190313

<h4>Background</h4>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with no evidence of relevant stenosis of the coronary artery, known as myocardial infarction (MI) with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), has a prevalence of up to 14%. The various causes of MINOCA lead to damage of the myocardium, and there are marked differences in diagnoses, prognoses, and treatments. Although the number of patients affected is considerable owing to the high prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the causes of ...[more]

PMID: 30936712

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Project description:We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of young patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) versus obstructive disease (myocardial infarction due to coronary artery disease [MI-CAD]) and among patients with MINOCA by sex and subtype. Between 2008 and 2012, VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) prospectively enrolled acute myocardial infarction patients aged 18 to 55 years in 103 hospitals at a 2:1 ratio of women to men. Using an angiographically driven taxonomy, we defined patients as having MI-CAD if there was revascularization or plaque ≥50% and as having MINOCA if there was <50% obstruction or a nonplaque mechanism. Patients who did not have an angiogram or who received thrombolytics before an angiogram were excluded. Outcomes included 1- and 12-month mortality and functional (Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ]) and psychosocial status. Of 2690 patients undergoing angiography, 2374 (88.4%) had MI-CAD, 299 (11.1%) had MINOCA, and 17 (0.6%) remained unclassified. Women had 5 times higher odds of having MINOCA than men (14.9% versus 3.5%; odds ratio: 4.84; 95% confidence interval, 3.29-7.13). MINOCA patients were more likely to be without traditional cardiac risk factors (8.7% versus 1.3%; P<0.001) but more predisposed to hypercoaguable states than MI-CAD patients (3.0% versus 1.3%; P=0.036). Women with MI-CAD were more likely than those with MINOCA to be menopausal (55.2% versus 41.2%; P<0.001) or to have a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (16.8% versus 11.0%; P=0.028). The MINOCA mechanisms varied: a nonplaque mechanism was identified for 75 patients (25.1%), and their clinical profiles and management also varied. One- and 12-month mortality with MINOCA and MI-CAD was similar (1-month: 1.1% and 1.7% [P=0.43]; 12-month: 0.6% and 2.3% [P=0.68], respectively), as was adjusted 12-month SAQ quality of life (76.5 versus 73.5, respectively; P=0.06). Young patients with MINOCA were more likely women, had a heterogeneous mechanistic profile, and had clinical outcomes that were comparable to those of MI-CAD patients. URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00597922.

Dataset Information

Characteristics of patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) from the ARIAM-SEMICYUC registry: development of a score for predicting MINOCA.

Publications

Characteristics of patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) from the ARIAM-SEMICYUC registry: development of a score for predicting MINOCA.

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