Phase 2 clinical trial of PBI-4050 in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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SUBMITTER: Khalil N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6422836 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:This phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of lebrikizumab, an interleukin (IL)-13 monoclonal antibody, alone or with background pirfenidone therapy, in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Patients with IPF aged ?40?years with forced vital capacity (FVC) of 40%-100% predicted and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of 25%-90% predicted and who were treatment-naïve (cohort A) or receiving pirfenidone (2403?mg·day-1; cohort B) were randomised 1:1 to receive lebrikizumab 250?mg or placebo subcutaneously every 4?weeks. The primary endpoint was annualised rate of FVC % predicted decline over 52?weeks.In cohort A, 154 patients were randomised to receive lebrikizumab (n=78) or placebo (n=76). In cohort B, 351 patients receiving pirfenidone were randomised to receive lebrikizumab (n=174) or placebo (n=177). Baseline demographics were balanced across treatment arms in both cohorts. The primary endpoint (annualised rate of FVC % predicted decline) was not met in cohort A (lebrikizumab versus placebo, -5.2% versus -6.2%; p=0.456) or cohort B (lebrikizumab versus placebo, -5.5% versus -6.0%; p=0.557). In cohort B, a non-statistically significant imbalance in mortality favouring combination therapy was observed (hazard ratio 0.42 (95% CI 0.17-1.04)). Pharmacodynamic biomarkers indicated lebrikizumab activity. The safety profile was consistent with that in previous studies of lebrikizumab and pirfenidone as monotherapies.Lebrikizumab alone or with pirfenidone was not associated with reduced FVC % predicted decline over 52?weeks despite evidence of pharmacodynamic activity. Lebrikizumab was well tolerated with a favourable safety profile. These findings suggest that blocking IL-13 may not be sufficient to achieve a lung function benefit in patients with IPF.
| S-EPMC7859504 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rationale: Human herpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus are frequently detectable in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and could contribute to disease pathogenesis. Objectives: With the goal of inhibiting herpesvirus replication, we tested the safety and tolerability of adding valganciclovir to standard IPF therapy (pirfenidone). Methods: We performed a single-center, Phase I, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing valganciclovir 900 mg daily with placebo in patients with IPF with serologic evidence of prior Epstein-Barr virus and/or cytomegalovirus infection who were tolerating full-dose pirfenidone (2,403 mg/d). Subjects were randomized to valganciclovir or placebo 2:1 for 12 weeks of active treatment with off-treatment follow-up for up to 12 months. The primary safety endpoint was the number of subjects discontinuing the study drug before completing 12 weeks of treatment. Results: Thirty-one subjects with IPF were randomized to valganciclovir (n = 20) or placebo (n = 11). All subjects completed assigned therapy except one subject in the valganciclovir group, who discontinued the study drug after developing a rash. The total number of adverse events was similar between study groups. In a prespecified analysis of secondary physiologic endpoints, we observed a trend toward improved forced vital capacity from randomization to Week 12 in valganciclovir-treated subjects (-10 ml; interquartile range [IQR], -65 to 70 ml) versus placebo-treated subjects (40 ml; IQR, -130 to 60 ml), which persisted through 12 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Valganciclovir is safe and well tolerated as an add-on therapy to pirfenidone in patients with IPF. Clinical trial registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02871401).
| S-EPMC8513653 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Preclinical studies have demonstrated that low-dose carbon monoxide (CO) can abrogate experimental lung fibrosis. To test the therapeutic role of inhaled CO, we designed a clinical study in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). METHODS:We conducted a multicenter, phase IIa, double-blinded, sham-controlled, clinical trial. Patients with IPF were randomized to treatment with inhaled CO at 100 to 200 parts per million or to inhaled 21% oxygen for 2 h daily, twice weekly, for 12 weeks. The primary study end point was the difference in change in matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7) serum concentration after 12 weeks of treatment. Secondary end points included pulmonary function test measures, 6-min walk distance, rates of adverse events, acute exacerbation, hospitalization and death, and quality of life measures. RESULTS:Fifty-eight subjects were randomized to treatment with inhaled CO (n = 29) or placebo (n = 29). Despite modest increases in CO blood levels, the change in MMP7 concentrations after 12 weeks of treatment did not significantly differ between the study arms (MMP7 difference at week 12, -0.90 ng/mL; 95% CI, -4.18 to 2.38 ng/mL). No differences were observed in physiologic measures, incidence of acute exacerbations, hospitalization, death, or patient-reported outcomes. Importantly, no differences in distribution of adverse events were noted between the treatment arms. CONCLUSIONS:Inhaled CO is well tolerated and can be safely administered to patients with IPF in the ambulatory setting; however, inhaled CO did not result in significant changes in study end points. Our findings support testing the efficacy of inhaled therapies in future IPF clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRY:ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT01214187; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
| S-EPMC6026220 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGLPG1205 is a selective functional antagonist of G-protein-coupled receptor 84, which plays an important role in fibrotic processes. This study assessed the efficacy, safety and tolerability of GLPG1205 for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).MethodsPINTA (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03725852) was a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept trial. Patients with IPF were randomised 2:1 to once-daily oral GLPG1205 100 mg or placebo for 26 weeks and stratified to receive GLPG1205 alone or with local standard of care (nintedanib or pirfenidone). The primary end-point was change from baseline in forced vital capacity (FVC); other end-points were safety and tolerability, and lung volumes measured by imaging (high-resolution computed tomography). The study was not powered for statistical significance.ResultsIn total, 68 patients received study medication. Least squares mean change from baseline in FVC at week 26 was -33.68 (95% CI -112.0-44.68) mL with GLPG1205 and -76.00 (95% CI -170.7-18.71) mL with placebo (least squares mean difference 42.33 (95% CI -81.84-166.5) mL; p=0.50). Lung volumes by imaging declined -58.30 versus -262.72 mL (whole lung) and -33.68 versus -135.48 mL (lower lobes) with GLPG1205 versus placebo, respectively. Treatment with GLPG1205 versus placebo resulted in higher proportions of serious and severe treatment-emergent adverse events and treatment-emergent discontinuations, most apparent with nintedanib.ConclusionsTreatment with GLPG1205 did not result in a significant difference in FVC decline versus placebo. GLPG1205 demonstrated a poorer safety and tolerability profile than placebo.
| S-EPMC9978158 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Despite Food and Drug Administration approval of 2 new drugs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), curative therapies remain elusive and mortality remains high. Preclinical and clinical data support the safety of human mesenchymal stem cells as a potential novel therapy for this fatal condition. The Allogeneic Human Cells (hMSC) in patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis via Intravenous Delivery (AETHER) trial was the first study designed to evaluate the safety of a single infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS:Nine patients with mild to moderate IPF were sequentially assigned to 1 of 3 cohorts and dosed with a single IV infusion of 20, 100, or 200 × 106 human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells per infusion from young, unrelated, men. All baseline patient data were reviewed by a multidisciplinary study team to ensure accurate diagnosis. The primary end point was the incidence (at week 4 postinfusion) of treatment-emergent serious adverse events, defined as the composite of death, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, stroke, hospitalization for worsening dyspnea, and clinically significant laboratory test abnormalities. Safety was assessed until week 60 and additionally 28 days thereafter. Secondary efficacy end points were exploratory and measured disease progression. RESULTS:No treatment-emergent serious adverse events were reported. Two nontreatment-related deaths occurred because of progression of IPF (disease worsening and/or acute exacerbation). By 60 weeks postinfusion, there was a 3.0% mean decline in % predicted FVC and 5.4% mean decline in % predicted diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide. CONCLUSIONS:Data from this trial support the safety of a single infusion of human mesenchymal stem cells in patients with mild-moderate IPF. TRIAL REGISTRY:ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT02013700; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
| S-EPMC6026255 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare lung disease characterised by progressive loss of lung function, dyspnoea and cough. IPF has a variable clinical course but a poor prognosis. Nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is one of two drugs approved for the treatment of IPF. In clinical trials, nintedanib slowed disease progression by reducing the rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) in patients with IPF and mild or moderate lung function impairment. The effect of nintedanib was consistent across patient subgroups defined by baseline characteristics including FVC % predicted, diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide % predicted and the presence of emphysema. Recently, it has been shown that the rate of decline in FVC and the treatment effect of nintedanib are the same in patients with preserved lung volume (FVC >90% predicted) as in patients with greater impairment in FVC, supporting the value of early treatment of IPF. The adverse events most commonly associated with nintedanib, both in clinical trials and real-world clinical practice, are mild gastrointestinal events, particularly diarrhoea. Side effects are manageable in a majority of patients through symptomatic treatment, dose reductions and treatment interruptions, enabling most patients to stay on treatment in the long term.
| S-EPMC5531305 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to analyze the relative frequency, clinical characteristics, disease onset and progression in f-IPF vs. sporadic IPF (s-IPF). METHODS:Familial IPF index patients and their family members were recruited into the European IPF registry/biobank (eurIPFreg) at the Universities of Giessen and Marburg (UGMLC). Initially, we employed wide range criteria of f-IPF (e.g. relatives who presumably died of some kind of parenchymal lung disease). After narrowing down the search to occurrence of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) in at least one first grade relative, 28 index patients were finally identified, prospectively interviewed and examined. Their family members were phenotyped with establishment of pedigree charts. RESULTS:Within the 28 IPF families, overall 79 patients with f-IPF were identified. In the same observation period, 286 f-IIP and s-IIP patients were recruited into the eurIPFreg at our UGMLC sites, corresponding to a familial versus s-IPF of 9.8%. The both groups showed no difference in demographics (61 vs. 79% males), smoking history, and exposure to any environmental triggers known to cause lung fibrosis. The f-IPF group differed by an earlier age at the onset of the disease (55.4 vs. 63.2?years; p?<?0.001). On average, the f-IPF patients presented a significantly milder extent of functional impairment at the time point of inclusion vs. the s-IPF group (FVC 75% pred. vs. FVC 62% pred., p?=?0.011). In contrast, the decline in FVC was found to be faster in the f-IPF vs. the s-IPF group (4.94% decline in 6 months in f-IPF vs. 2.48% in s-IPF, p?=?0.12). The average age of death in f-IPF group was 67?years vs. 71.8?years in s-IPF group (p?=?0.059). The f-IIP group displayed diverse inheritance patterns, mostly autosomal-dominant with variable penetrance. In the f-IPF, the younger generations showed a tendency for earlier manifestation of IPF vs. the older generation (58 vs. 66?years, p?=?0.013). CONCLUSIONS:The 28 f-IPF index patients presented an earlier onset and more aggressive natural course of the disease. The disease seems to affect consecutive generations at a younger age. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Nr. NCT02951416 http://www.www.clinicaltrials.gov.
| S-EPMC6637501 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to define the real-life clinical profile and therapeutic management of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using artificial intelligence.MethodsWe have conducted an observational, retrospective, non-interventional study using data from the Castilla-La Mancha Regional Healthcare Service (SESCAM) in Spain between January 2012 and December 2020. The Savana Manager 3.0 artificial intelligence platform was used to collect information from electronic medical records by applying natural language processing.ResultsOur study includes 897 subjects whose diagnosis was compatible with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; 64.8% were men, with a mean age of 72.9 years (95% CI 71.9-73.8), and 35.2% were women, with a mean age of 76.8 years (95% CI 75.5-78). Patients who had a family history of IPF (98 patients; 12%) were younger and predominantly female (53.1%). Regarding treatment, 45% of patients received antifibrotic therapy. Patients who had undergone lung biopsy, chest CT, or bronchoscopy were younger than the patient population in whom these studies were not completed.ConclusionsThis study has used artificial intelligence techniques to analyze a large population over a 9-year period and determine the situation of IPF in standard clinical practice by identifying the patient clinical profile, use of diagnostic tests and therapeutic management.
| S-EPMC9959732 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lacks effective treatment. Pirfenidone has been used to treat IPF patients. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) exerts antioxidant and antifibrotic effects on IPF cases.This study is a double-blind, modified placebo-controlled, randomized phase II trial of pirfenidone in Chinese IPF patients. We randomly assigned the enrolled Chinese IPF patients with mild to moderate impairment of pulmonary function to receive either oral pirfenidone (1800 mg per day) and NAC (1800 mg per day) or placebo and NAC (1800 mg per day) for 48 weeks. The primary endpoints were the changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) and walking distance and the lowest SPO2 during the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) at week 48. The key secondary endpoint was the progression-free survival time. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov as number NCT01504334.Eighty-six patients were screened, and 76 cases were enrolled (pirfenidone + NAC: 38; placebo + NAC: 38). The effect of pirfenidone treatment was significant at the 24th week, but this effect did not persist to the 48th week. At the 24th week, the mean decline in both FVC and ?SPO2 (%) during the 6MWT in the pirfenidone group was lower than that in the control group (-0.08 ± 0.20 L vs -0.22 ± 0.29 L, P = 0.02 and -3.44% ± 4.51% vs -6.29% ± 6.06%, P = 0.03, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between these 2 groups at the 48th week (-0.15 ± 0.25 L vs -0.25 ± 0.28 L, P = 0.11 and -4.25% ± 7.27% vs -5.31% ± 5.49%, P = 0.51, respectively). The pirfenidone treatment group did not achieve the maximal distance difference on the 6MWT at either the 24th or the 48th week. But pirfenidone treatment prolonged the progression-free survival time in the IPF patients (hazard ratio = 1.88, 95% confidence interval: 1.092-3.242, P = 0.02). In the pirfenidone group, the adverse event (AE) rate (52.63%) was higher than that in the control group (26.3%, P = 0.03). Rash was more common in the pirfenidone group (39.5% vs 13.2%, P = 0.02).Compared with placebo combined with high-dose NAC, pirfenidone combined with high-dose NAC prolonged the progression-free survival of Chinese IPF patients with mild to moderate impairment of pulmonary function. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01504334).
| S-EPMC4620844 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAlthough depression and anxiety represent significant yet treatable comorbidities in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), their impact on the clinical course and prognosis of IPF remain unclear.PurposeWe investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of depression and anxiety in patients with IPF.MethodsThe present study included a prospective cohort comprising 112 Korean patients with IPF who had completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire.ResultsSymptoms of depression and anxiety were present in 25.9% and 21.4% of patients with IPF, respectively (HADS scores ?8). No significant differences in demographic data, age, sex, smoking status, Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (MMRC) scores, pulmonary function tests, or Gender-Age-Physiology Index for IPF were observed between patients with depression or anxiety and those without. However, in patients with anxiety, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores were significantly higher than those of patients without anxiety (40.5 versus 23.5; p = 0.003). The survival rate and total number of hospital admissions did not significantly differ between patients with depression/anxiety and those without.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that depression and anxiety are relatively common in patients with IPF. Although no significant differences were noted with regard to survival rate and hospitalization, the present study suggests that depression and anxiety significantly influence quality of life in patients with IPF.
| S-EPMC5593186 | biostudies-literature