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Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine ameliorates the soil drought effect on nitrogen metabolism in maize during the pre-female inflorescence emergence stage.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Nitrogen (N) metabolism plays an important role in plant drought tolerance. 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine (DCPTA) regulates many aspects of plant development; however, the effects of DCPTA on soil drought tolerance are poorly understood, and the possible role of DCPTA on nitrogen metabolism has not yet been explored. RESULTS:In the present study, the effects of DCPTA on N metabolism in maize (Zea mays L.) under soil drought and rewatering conditions during the pre-female inflorescence emergence stage were investigated in 2016 and 2017. The results demonstrated that the foliar application of DCPTA (25?mg/L) significantly alleviated drought-induced decreases in maize yield, shoot and root relative growth rate (RGR), leaf relative water content (RWC), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr), and nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), soluble protein contents, and nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) activities. In addition, the foliar application of DCPTA suppressed the increases of intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), ammonium (NH4+) and free amino acid contents, and the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and protease activities of the maize. Simultaneously, under drought conditions, the DCPTA application improved the spatial and temporal distribution of roots, increased the root hydraulic conductivity (Lp), flow rate of root-bleeding sap and NO3- delivery rates of the maize. Moreover, the DCPTA application protected the chloroplast structure from drought injury. CONCLUSIONS:The data show, exogenous DCPTA mitigates the repressive effects of drought on N metabolism by maintained a stabilized supply of 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) and reducing equivalents provided by photosynthesis via favorable leaf water status and chloroplast structure, and NO3- uptake and long-distance transportation from the roots to the leaves via the production of excess roots, as a result, DCPTA application enhances drought tolerance during the pre-female inflorescence emergence stage of maize.

SUBMITTER: Xie T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6425708 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine ameliorates the soil drought effect on nitrogen metabolism in maize during the pre-female inflorescence emergence stage.

Xie Tenglong T Gu Wanrong W Wang Mingquan M Zhang Liguo L Li Congfeng C Li Caifeng C Li Wenhua W Li Lijie L Wei Shi S

BMC plant biology 20190319 1

<h4>Background</h4>Nitrogen (N) metabolism plays an important role in plant drought tolerance. 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine (DCPTA) regulates many aspects of plant development; however, the effects of DCPTA on soil drought tolerance are poorly understood, and the possible role of DCPTA on nitrogen metabolism has not yet been explored.<h4>Results</h4>In the present study, the effects of DCPTA on N metabolism in maize (Zea mays L.) under soil drought and rewatering conditions during the p ...[more]

PMID: 30890144

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Project description:Susceptibility of plants to abiotic stresses, including extreme temperatures, salinity and drought, poses an increasing threat to crop productivity worldwide. Here the drought-induced response of maize was modulated by applications of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA) to seeds prior to sowing and to leaves prior to stress treatment. Pot experiments were conducted to ascertain the effects of exogenous applications of these hormones on maize growth, physiology and biochemistry under drought stress and well-watered (control) conditions. Maize plants were subjected to single as well as combined pre-treatments of MeJA and SA. Drought stress severely affected maize morphology and reduced relative water content, above and below-ground biomass, rates of photosynthesis, and protein content. The prolonged water deficit also led to increased relative membrane permeability and oxidative stress induced by the production of malondialdehyde (from lipid peroxidation), lipoxygenase activity (LOX) and the production of H2O2. The single applications of MeJA and SA were not found to be effective in maize for drought tolerance while the combined pre-treatments with exogenous MeJA+SA mitigated the adverse effects of drought-induced oxidative stress, as reflected in lower levels of lipid peroxidation, LOX activity and H2O2. The same pre-treatment also maintained adequate water status of the plants under drought stress by increasing osmolytes including proline, total carbohydrate content and total soluble sugars. Furthermore, exogenous applications of MeJA+SA approximately doubled the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Pre-treatment with MeJA alone gave the highest increase in drought-induced production of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA). Pre-treatment with MeJA+SA partially prevented drought-induced oxidative stress by modulating levels of osmolytes and endogenous ABA, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, the results show that seed and foliar pre-treatments with exogenous MeJA and/or SA can have positive effects on the responses of maize seedlings to drought.

Dataset Information

Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine ameliorates the soil drought effect on nitrogen metabolism in maize during the pre-female inflorescence emergence stage.

Publications

Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine ameliorates the soil drought effect on nitrogen metabolism in maize during the pre-female inflorescence emergence stage.

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