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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial?.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing dialysis often require intravenous iron for iron deficiency anemia (IDA). MATERIALS AND METHODS:The Ferumoxytol for Anemia of CKD Trial (FACT), a randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 4 study, compared the long-term safety and efficacy of ferumoxytol with iron sucrose for the treatment of IDA in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Patients with IDA and CKD undergoing hemodialysis were randomized 2:1 to ferumoxytol 1.02 g (2 × 510 mg) or iron sucrose 1.0 g (10 × 100 mg) for a 5-week treatment period (TP). Over 11 months, patients underwent additional 5-week TPs whenever IDA (hemoglobin < 11.5 g/dL and transferrin saturation < 30%) was detected. The primary efficacy endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin from baseline to week 5 for each TP. Adverse events were recorded during the study. RESULTS:Overall, 293 patients received ferumoxytol (n = 196) or iron sucrose (n = 97). Ferumoxytol was noninferior to iron sucrose regarding hemoglobin change from baseline to week 5. The mean change in hemoglobin in the ferumoxytol and iron sucrose groups was 0.5 and 0.4 g/dL, respectively, in TP 1 (least-squares mean difference, 0.13; 95% confidence interval, -0.11 to 0.36) and 0.6 and 0.3 g/dL, respectively, in TP 2 (0.30; 0.06 - 0.55). Treatment-related and serious adverse events were similar in both groups; no new safety signals emerged. CONCLUSION:Long-term administration of ferumoxytol has noninferior efficacy and a similar safety profile to iron sucrose when used to treat IDA in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.?.

SUBMITTER: Macdougall IC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6434426 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial .

Macdougall Iain C IC Strauss William E WE Dahl Naomi V NV Bernard Kristine K Li Zhu Z

Clinical nephrology 20190401 4

<h4>Background</h4>Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing dialysis often require intravenous iron for iron deficiency anemia (IDA).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The Ferumoxytol for Anemia of CKD Trial (FACT), a randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 4 study, compared the long-term safety and efficacy of ferumoxytol with iron sucrose for the treatment of IDA in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Patients with IDA and CKD undergoing hemodialysis were randomized 2:1 to fe ...[more]

PMID: 30802204

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Project description:BackgroundIron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common manifestation of chronic kidney disease (CKD), affecting most patients on hemodialysis and imposing a substantial clinical burden. Treatment with iron supplementation increases hemoglobin levels and can reduce the severity of anemia in patients with CKD. While correcting anemia in these patients is an important therapeutic goal, there is a lack of long-term trials directly comparing intravenous iron therapies in patients with CKD receiving hemodialysis.Methods/designThe Ferumoxytol for Anemia of CKD Trial (FACT) is a 13-month, open-label, randomized, multicenter, international, prospective study with 2 substudies. Entry criteria for the main study include adults with IDA (defined as hemoglobin <11.5 g/dL [<115.0 g/L] and a transferrin saturation <30%), serum ferritin <800 ng/mL (<1798 pmol/L), and receiving hemodialysis for ≥3 months. Patients are randomized to receive ferumoxytol (1.02 g over 2 doses) or iron sucrose (1.0 g over 10 doses) during the initial 5-week treatment period. Those with persistent/recurrent IDA over the 11-month observation period will receive additional 5-week treatment periods, as appropriate. The primary efficacy endpoint of the main study is the mean change in hemoglobin from Baseline to Week 5 for each treatment period. The secondary efficacy endpoints include the mean change in transferrin saturation from Baseline to Week 5 and the proportion of patients with a hemoglobin increase of ≥1.0 g/dL at any time from Baseline to Week 5. Safety will be assessed through an examination of the adverse event profile over the course of the study. An "oxidative stress" substudy in approximately 100 patients will assess the effects of treatment on biomarkers of oxidative stress/inflammation during the initial 5-week treatment period, and a magnetic resonance imaging substudy in approximately 70 patients will assess the potential for iron deposition in target tissues over 24 months.DiscussionFACT fulfills the need for a long-term comparative trial in patients with IDA and CKD receiving hemodialysis. The efficacy and safety results will provide useful information for guiding therapy in this population. Two hundred ninety-six patients have been enrolled, and completion of the main study is expected soon.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01227616 (registered October 22, 2010); EudraCT number: 2010-022133-28.

Project description:Background and objectivesFew randomized controlled trials have compared intravenous iron products head to head in CKD patients with iron deficiency anemia. This study compared the efficacy and safety of two intravenous iron products (ferumoxytol [Feraheme injection] and iron sucrose [Venofer]) in patients with CKD and iron deficiency anemia.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsIn this phase II, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, multicenter clinical trial, patients were randomized 1:1 to either 1.02 g ferumoxytol (2 × 510-mg injections) or 1.0 g iron sucrose administered as either a slow injection or infusion (10 doses for dialysis patients and 5 doses for nondialysis patients). Inclusion criteria included hemoglobin<11.0 g/dl, transferrin saturation<30%, and eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) or a diagnosis of underlying CKD (e.g., nephropathy or nephritis). The primary end point was change in hemoglobin from baseline to week 5.ResultsIn total, 162 patients were randomized. Demographics were balanced between the treatment groups. Adverse event profiles of the two regimens were fairly similar: overall adverse events, 48% ferumoxytol versus 65% iron sucrose; related adverse events, 10% ferumoxytol versus 16% iron sucrose; and adverse events leading to study discontinuation, 1% ferumoxytol versus 5% iron sucrose. Rates of serious adverse events and related serious adverse events were similar between the ferumoxytol and iron sucrose groups: serious adverse events, 9% versus 7%, respectively and related serious adverse events, 1% versus 1%, respectively. Overall, increases in hemoglobin were similar between treatment groups. Based on an ANOVA model adjusted for baseline hemoglobin level and dialysis status, the least squares mean change from baseline to week 5 was 0.8 ± 0.1 g/dl in the ferumoxytol-treated group and 0.7 ± 0.1 g/dl in the iron sucrose group. The difference in the mean change from baseline between the two treatment groups was 0.1 g/dl (95% confidence interval, -0.2 to 0.4).ConclusionIn this randomized, controlled trial, ferumoxytol and iron sucrose showed comparable efficacy and adverse events rates.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Iron deficiency anemia is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease and is often treated with intravenous iron. There are few trials directly comparing the safety and efficacy of different intravenous iron products. METHODS:This post-hoc analysis pooled data from 767 patients enrolled in two randomized, controlled, open-label trials of similar design comparing the treatment of iron deficiency anemia with ferumoxytol and iron sucrose across patients with all stages of renal function. One trial was conducted in adults with CKD either on or not on dialysis and the second in adults with IDA of any underlying cause and a history of unsatisfactory oral iron therapy or in whom oral iron could not be used who had normal to no worse than moderately impaired renal function. Patients were categorized by chronic kidney disease stage (i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate), and the primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change in hemoglobin from Baseline to Week 5. RESULTS:The overall incidence of adverse events was numerically lower in ferumoxytol-treated patients compared to those treated with iron sucrose (42.4 vs. 50.2 %, respectively); the incidence of treatment-related adverse events was generally similar between the two treatment groups (13.6 vs. 16.0 %, respectively). Adverse events of Special Interest (i.e., hypotension, hypersensitivity) occurred at lower rates in those treated with ferumoxytol compared to those treated with iron sucrose (2.5 vs. 5.3 %, respectively). Overall, mean hemoglobin increased in both treatment groups, regardless of degree of renal insufficiency, although greater increases were seen among those with less severe kidney damage. Mean increases in hemoglobin from Baseline to Week 5 were significantly greater with ferumoxytol than with iron sucrose treatment in the subgroup with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ?90 mL/min (Least Squares mean difference?=?0.53 g/dL; p?<?0.001). There were no other consistent, significant differences in hemoglobin levels between treatment groups for the other chronic kidney disease categories except for isolated instances favoring ferumoxytol. CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy and safety of ferumoxytol is at least comparable to iron sucrose in patients with varying degrees of renal function. TRIAL REGISTRATION:(CKD-201; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01052779; registered 15 January, 2010), (IDA-302; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01114204; registered 29 April, 2010).

Project description:Previous trials of prenatal iron supplementation had limited measures of maternal or neonatal iron status.The purpose was to assess effects of prenatal iron-folate supplementation on maternal and neonatal iron status.Enrollment occurred June 2009 through December 2011 in Hebei, China. Women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at ?20 wk gestation, aged ?18 y, and with hemoglobin ?100 g/L were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive daily iron (300 mg ferrous sulfate) or placebo + 0.40 mg folate from enrollment to birth. Iron status was assessed in maternal venous blood (at enrollment and at or near term) and cord blood. Primary outcomes were as follows: 1) maternal iron deficiency (ID) defined in 2 ways as serum ferritin (SF) <15 ?g/L and body iron (BI) <0 mg/kg; 2) maternal ID anemia [ID + anemia (IDA); hemoglobin <110 g/L]; and 3) neonatal ID (cord blood ferritin <75 ?g/L or zinc protoporphyrin/heme >118 ?mol/mol).A total of 2371 women were randomly assigned, with outcomes for 1632 women or neonates (809 placebo/folate, 823 iron/folate; 1579 mother-newborn pairs, 37 mothers, 16 neonates). Most infants (97%) were born at term. At or near term, maternal hemoglobin was significantly higher (+5.56 g/L) for iron vs. placebo groups. Anemia risk was reduced (RR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.66), as were risks of ID (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.79 by SF; RR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.71 by BI) and IDA (RR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.62 by SF; RR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.65 by BI). Most women still had ID (66.8% by SF, 54.7% by BI). Adverse effects, all minor, were similar by group. There were no differences in cord blood iron measures; >45% of neonates in each group had ID. However, dose-response analyses showed higher cord SF with more maternal iron capsules reported being consumed (? per 10 capsules = 2.60, P < 0.05).Prenatal iron supplementation reduced anemia, ID, and IDA in pregnant women in rural China, but most women and >45% of neonates had ID, regardless of supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02221752.

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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial?.

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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial .

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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial?.

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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial .

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Ferumoxytol for iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The FACT randomized controlled trial .