Dataset Information

Prospective associations of dietary carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake with ?-cell function in the CODAM study.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by both impaired pancreatic ?-cell function (BCF) and insulin resistance. In the etiology of T2DM, BCF basically determines whether a person with a certain degree of insulin resistance develops T2DM, as ?-cells are able to compensatorily increase insulin secretion. The effects of dietary intake on BCF are largely unknown. Our study aim was to investigate whether dietary macronutrient intake predicts BCF.

Methods

Prospective data (median follow-up 7 years) of 303 individuals recruited from the CODAM study population (aged 40-70 years, 39% women) were analyzed. BCF was measured by C-peptide deconvolution and physiological modeling of data from a 5-point, 75-g, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Macronutrient intake was estimated by a 178-item Food Frequency Questionnaire.

Results

Associations adjusted for relevant covariates of baseline macronutrient intake with model-derived parameters describing BCF (glucose sensitivity, rate sensitivity or potentiation) or C-peptidogenic index were detected for trans fat [standardized regression coefficient (95%-CI) glucose sensitivity -?0.14 (-?0.26, -?0.01)] per g, cholesterol [potentiation 0.20 (0.02, 0.37)] per 100 mg, dietary fiber [glucose sensitivity 0.21 (0.08, 0.33)] per 10 g, MUFA glucose sensitivity 0.16 (0.02, 0.31) per 10 g, and polysaccharide [potentiation -?0.24 (-?0.43, -?0.05), C-peptidogenic index -?0.16 (-?0.29 -?0.03); odds ratio lowest versus highest tertile (95%-CI) rate sensitivity 1.51 (1.06, 2.15)) per 50 g.

Conclusions

In this population at high risk for developing T2DM, polysaccharide and trans fat intake were associated with worse BCF, whereas increased intake of MUFA, dietary cholesterol, and fiber were associated with better BCF.

SUBMITTER: den Biggelaar LJCJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6437317 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prospective associations of dietary carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake with β-cell function in the CODAM study.

den Biggelaar Louise J C J LJCJ Eussen Simone J P M SJPM Sep Simone J S SJS Mari Andrea A Ferrannini Ele E van Greevenbroek Marleen M MM van der Kallen Carla J CJ Schalkwijk Casper G CG Arts Ilja C W ICW Stehouwer Coen D A CDA Dagnelie Pieter C PC

European journal of nutrition 20180310 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by both impaired pancreatic β-cell function (BCF) and insulin resistance. In the etiology of T2DM, BCF basically determines whether a person with a certain degree of insulin resistance develops T2DM, as β-cells are able to compensatorily increase insulin secretion. The effects of dietary intake on BCF are largely unknown. Our study aim was to investigate whether dietary macronutrient intake predicts BCF.<h4>Methods</h4>Prospective ...[more]

PMID: 29525890

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