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Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance.

ABSTRACT: Background and aims:Bacterial Non-Specific Acid Phosphatase (NSAP) enzymes are capable of dephosphorylating diverse organic phosphoesters but are rarely studied: their distribution in natural and managed environments is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to generate new insight into the environmental distribution of NSAPs and establish their potential global relevance to cycling of organic phosphorus. Methods:We employed bioinformatic tools to determine NSAP diversity and subcellular localization in microbial genomes; used the corresponding NSAP gene sequences to census metagenomes from diverse ecosystems; studied the effect of long-term land management upon NSAP diversity and abundance. Results:Periplasmic class B NSAPs are poorly represented in marine and terrestrial environments, reflecting their association with enteric and pathogenic bacteria. Periplasmic class A and outer membrane-associated class C NSAPs are cosmopolitan. NSAPs are more abundant in marine than terrestrial ecosystems and class C more abundant than class A genes, except in an acidic peat where class A genes dominate. A clear effect of land management upon gene abundance was identified. Conclusions:NSAP genes are cosmopolitan. Class C genes are more widely distributed: their association with the outer-membrane of cells gives them a clear role in the cycling of organic phosphorus, particularly in soils.

SUBMITTER: Neal AL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6438641 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance.

Neal Andrew L AL Blackwell Martin M Akkari Elsy E Guyomar Cervin C Clark Ian I Hirsch Penny R PR

Plant and soil 20170612 1

<h4>Background and aims</h4>Bacterial Non-Specific Acid Phosphatase (NSAP) enzymes are capable of dephosphorylating diverse organic phosphoesters but are rarely studied: their distribution in natural and managed environments is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to generate new insight into the environmental distribution of NSAPs and establish their potential global relevance to cycling of organic phosphorus.<h4>Methods</h4>We employed bioinformatic tools to determine NSAP diversity an ...[more]

PMID: 30996484

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Project description:BackgroundMosquito surveys that collect local data on mosquito species' abundances provide baseline data to help understand potential host-pathogen-mosquito relationships, predict disease transmission, and target mosquito control efforts.MethodsWe conducted an adult mosquito survey from November 2017 to March 2019 on St. Kitts, using Biogents Sentinel 2 traps, set monthly and run for 48-h intervals. We collected mosquitoes from a total of 30 sites distributed across agricultural, mangrove, rainforest, scrub and urban land covers. We investigated spatial variation in mosquito species richness across the island using a hierarchical Bayesian multi-species occupancy model. We developed a mixed effects negative binomial regression model to predict the effects of spatial variation in land cover, and seasonal variation in precipitation on observed counts of the most abundant mosquito species observed.ResultsThere was high variation among sites in mosquito community structure, and variation in site level richness that correlated with scrub forest, agricultural, and urban land covers. The four most abundant species were Aedes taeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegpyti and Deinocerites magnus, and their relative abundance varied with season and land cover. Aedes aegypti was the most commonly occurring mosquito on the island, with a 90% probability of occurring at between 24 and 30 (median = 26) sites. Mangroves yielded the most mosquitoes, with Ae. taeniorhynchus, Cx. quinquefasciatus and De. magnus predominating. Psorophora pygmaea and Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis were only captured in scrub habitat. Capture rates in rainforests were low. Our count models also suggested the extent to which monthly average precipitation influenced counts varied according to species.ConclusionsThere is high seasonality in mosquito abundances, and land cover influences the diversity, distribution, and relative abundance of species on St. Kitts. Further, human-adapted mosquito species (e.g. Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus) that are known vectors for many human relevant pathogens (e.g. chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses in the case of Ae. aegypti; West Nile, Spondweni, Oropouche virus, and equine encephalitic viruses in the case of Cx. quinqefasciatus) are the most wide-spread (across land covers) and the least responsive to seasonal variation in precipitation.

Dataset Information

Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance.

Publications

Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance.

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