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Prevalence of Low Platelet Count and Identification of Associating Determinants and Genetic Polymorphism in Healthy Individuals of Upper Assam, India.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of low platelet count among the healthy population of upper Assam, India. The impact of socio-demographic features was moreover pointed to evaluate. Additionally, Mean platelet volume (MPV) and Interleukin-6 gene polymorphism (-174 G > C) were also determined to speculate their effect on the basal platelet count. For determination of hematological indices, CBC was done and genetic polymorphism was identified by ARMS-PCR technique. Out of 510 study subjects, 25.3% (n = 129) had low platelet count, and females were recorded with significantly higher mean platelet count as compared to their male counterpart (p < 0.001). A progressive decline in platelet count was observed with ageing and more significantly noticed in females across the various age groups (p < 0.001). The mean MPV was significantly higher in low platelet count group as compared to the normal group (p < 0.001). Both platelet count and MPV differed significantly among the individuals with varied ethnicity. An inverse correlation between platelet count and its volume was reported, and such observation was continued to persist in every age-group under the study. However, no significant differences were observed for other hematological indices between the studied groups except for platelet indices and RBC count. Moreover, the peripheral blood smear examined for cellular morphology and in vitro platelet clumping did not report any significant aberrancy. No significant penetrance of the risk allele was revealed in the studied groups. However, ARMS-PCR confirmed 6% (n = 8/129) of the low platelet count subjects with heterozygous for G allele. This happens to be the first description of low platelet count among the healthy population of upper Assam, where age, gender, ethnicity, and MPV are significantly associated with platelet count variation. Heterozygosity of the risk allele does not contribute to the low platelet count condition.

SUBMITTER: Sultan N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6438998 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundMalaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Northeast India. As there is limited information available on the potential influence of socio-economic variables on malaria risk, the present study was conducted to assess the influence of demographic factors, the socio-economic status, and knowledge, awareness and education on malaria occurrence.MethodsDemographics, malaria knowledge and socio-economic variables were collected in four randomly selected health sub-centres of the Orang primary health centre in the Udalguri district, Assam and the association of malaria occurrence with different variables were analysed. The trend of malaria occurrence for different income groups, proximity to health centres and number of mosquito bites per day was also determined using the chi-square test. Relative risk (RR) for gender, house type, knowledge and use of bed nets was determined using Katz approximation.ResultsOut of the 71 household heads interviewed, 70.4% (50/71) were males. About half (54.9%, 39/71) of the participants had a history of malaria in the last two years, of which 64.1% (25/39) were males, while 35.9% (14/39) were females (χ(2) = 5.13; p = 0.02; RR = 1.79). Of the total population surveyed, 49.3% lived in bamboo houses and 35.2% lived at a distance of >3 km from the nearest health centre. The number of participants who had a history of malaria decreased with an increasing monthly income (p < 0.0001). Malaria occurrence was higher among the households living in bamboo houses (69.2%), as compared to Kucha houses (20.5%) and Pucca houses (10.3%). No significant association was observed between education level and malaria occurrence (p = 0.93). The participants who did not use bed nets regularly reported a high occurrence of malaria infection as compared to those who used bed nets everyday (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsLower income, house type, distance to health sub-centre, knowledge and awareness about malaria, number of mosquito bites per day and use of bed nets were positively associated with malaria occurrence. Increasing the number of health sub-centres close to rural areas, improving the economic status and increasing awareness about malaria prevention measures will thus help to reduce malaria-associated morbidities.