Dataset Information

The genome of the arapaima (Arapaima gigas) provides insights into gigantism, fast growth and chromosomal sex determination system.

ABSTRACT: We have sequenced the genome of the largest freshwater fish species of the world, the arapaima. Analysis of gene family dynamics and signatures of positive selection identified genes involved in the specific adaptations and unique features of this iconic species, in particular it's large size and fast growth. Genome sequences from both sexes combined with RAD-tag analyses from other males and females led to the isolation of male-specific scaffolds and supports an XY sex determination system in arapaima. Whole transcriptome sequencing showed that the product of the gland-like secretory organ on the head surface of males and females may not only provide nutritional fluid for sex-unbiased parental care, but that the organ itself has a more specific function in males, which engage more in parental care.

SUBMITTER: Du K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6439221 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The genome of the arapaima (Arapaima gigas) provides insights into gigantism, fast growth and chromosomal sex determination system.

Du Kang K Wuertz Sven S Adolfi Mateus M Kneitz Susanne S Stöck Matthias M Oliveira Marcos M Nóbrega Rafael R Ormanns Jenny J Kloas Werner W Feron Romain R Klopp Christophe C Parrinello Hugues H Journot Laurent L He Shunping S Postlethwait John J Meyer Axel A Guiguen Yann Y Schartl Manfred M

Scientific reports 20190328 1

We have sequenced the genome of the largest freshwater fish species of the world, the arapaima. Analysis of gene family dynamics and signatures of positive selection identified genes involved in the specific adaptations and unique features of this iconic species, in particular it's large size and fast growth. Genome sequences from both sexes combined with RAD-tag analyses from other males and females led to the isolation of male-specific scaffolds and supports an XY sex determination system in a ...[more]

PMID: 30923320

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Project description:Sex ratio depends on sex determination mechanisms and is a key demographic parameter determining population viability and resilience to natural and anthropogenic stressors. There is increasing evidence that the environment can alter sex ratio even in genetically sex-determined species (GSD), as elevated temperature can cause female-to-male sex reversal (neomales). Alarmingly, neomales are being discovered in natural populations of several fish, amphibian and reptile species worldwide. Understanding the basis of neomale development is important for conservation biology. Among GSD species, it is unknown whether those with chromosomal sex determination (CSD), the most common system, will better resist the influence of high temperature than those with polygenic sex determination (PSD). Here, we compared the effects of elevated temperature in two wild zebrafish strains, Nadia (NA) and Ekkwill (EKW), which have CSD with a ZZ/ZW system, against the AB laboratory strain, which has PSD. First, we uncovered novel sex genotypes and the results showed that, at control temperature, the masculinization rate roughly doubled with the addition of each Z chromosome, while some ZW and WW fish of the wild strains became neomales. Surprisingly, we found that at elevated temperatures WW fish were just as likely as ZW fish to become neomales and that all strains were equally susceptible to masculinization. These results demonstrate that the Z chromosome is not essential for male development and that the dose of W buffers masculinization at the control temperature but not at elevated temperature. Furthermore, at the elevated temperature the testes of neomales, but not of normal males, contained more spermatozoa than at the control temperature. Our results show in an unprecedented way that, in a global warming scenario, CSD species may not necessarily be better protected against the masculinizing effect of elevated temperature than PSD species, and reveal genotype-by-temperature interactions in male sex determination and spermatogenesis.

Dataset Information

The genome of the arapaima (Arapaima gigas) provides insights into gigantism, fast growth and chromosomal sex determination system.

Publications

The genome of the arapaima (Arapaima gigas) provides insights into gigantism, fast growth and chromosomal sex determination system.

Similar Datasets

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