Dataset Information

Cognitive impairment and its improvement after six months in adolescents with schizophrenia.

ABSTRACT: Studies evaluating the cognitive impairment in schizophrenic adolescents reported a variable course following antipsychotic treatment, with improvement being associated to patients' demographic or clinical characteristics.

Objectives

To examine the cognitive impairments of a Mexican sample of adolescents with schizophrenia using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) before and after six months of antipsychotic treatment and to determine which demographic or clinical characteristics could be associated to cognitive improvement.

Methods

A sample of 87 Mexican patients was evaluated with the MCCB. Domain scores for three age groups (12-13, 14-15 and 16-17?y.o.) were obtained at baseline, and after 3 and 6?months of treatment. The groups were compared for demographic and clinical variables (sex, school attendance, years of education, being on their first psychotic episode, duration of illness and mean dose of antipsychotic), and a logistic regression analysis was performed to determine which variables predicted larger improvement.

Results

The baseline performance showed scores below the standardized mean, with improvement in all domains except for social cognition; female adolescents showed a larger improvement in attention/vigilance and visual learning domains.

Conclusions

We observed cognitive impairments on schizophrenic adolescents, which improved after six months of treatment in almost all domains.

SUBMITTER: Victoria G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6439271 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Cognitive impairment and its improvement after six months in adolescents with schizophrenia.

Victoria Gamaliel G Apiquian Rogelio R Rosetti Marcos F MF Ulloa Rosa-Elena RE

Schizophrenia research. Cognition 20190326

Studies evaluating the cognitive impairment in schizophrenic adolescents reported a variable course following antipsychotic treatment, with improvement being associated to patients' demographic or clinical characteristics.<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine the cognitive impairments of a Mexican sample of adolescents with schizophrenia using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) before and after six months of antipsychotic treatment and to determine which demographic or clinical characteristi ...[more]

PMID: 30976526

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Project description:Multiorgan failure (MOF) is a life-threating condition that affects two or more systems of organs not involved in the disorder that motivates admission to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Patients who survive MOF frequently present long-term functional, neurological, cognitive, and psychiatric sequelae. However, the changes to the brain that explain such symptoms remain unclear.ObjectiveTo determine brain connectivity and cognitive functioning differences between a group of MOF patients six months after ICU discharge and healthy controls (HC).Methods22 MOF patients and 22 HC matched by age, sex, and years of education were recruited. Both groups were administered a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including structural T1 and functional BOLD, as well as a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation that included tests of learning and memory, speed of information processing and attention, executive function, visual constructional abilities, and language. Voxel-based morphometry was used to analyses T1 images. For the functional data at rest, functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed.ResultsThere were no significant differences in structural imaging and neuropsychological performance between groups, even though patients with MOF performed worse in all the cognitive tests. Functional neuroimaging in the default mode network (DMN) showed hyper-connectivity towards sensory-motor, cerebellum, and visual networks. DMN connectivity had a significant association with the severity of MOF during ICU stay and with the neuropsychological scores in tests of attention and visual constructional abilities.ConclusionsIn MOF patients without structural brain injury, DMN connectivity six months after ICU discharge is associated with MOF severity and neuropsychological impairment, which supports the use of resting-state functional MRI as a potential tool to predict the onset of long-term cognitive deficits in these patients. Similar to what occurs at the onset of other pathologies, the observed hyper-connectivity might suggest network re-adaptation following MOF.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Persicaria minor extract exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and has potential effects on cognitive function and mood. However, the effects of P.minor on brain activation and biomarkers have not been studied among older adults. This multicentre, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study aimed to investigate the effect of 6 months P.minor extract supplement (Biokesum®) on cognition, mood, biomarkers, and brain activation among older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). METHOD:A total of 36 Malaysian community-dwelling older adults with MCI (60-75-year-old) were randomized into Biokesum® (n?=?18) and placebo group (n?=?18). Each subject consumed one capsule of Biokesum® (250?mg/capsule) or placebo (maltodextrin, 280?mg/capsule) twice daily for 6 months. Cognitive function and mood were assessed at baseline, 3rd, and 6th-month using neuropsychological tests (MMSE, Digit Span, RAVLT, Digit Symbol, and Visual Reproduction) and Profile of Mood State (POMS) questionnaire. Blood lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, and biomarkers (MDA, LPO, COX-2, iNOS, and BDNF) were measured at baseline and 6th month. By the end of the intervention, there were 30 compliers (Biokesum®: N?=?15; Placebo: N?=?15) and 6 dropouts. For brain activation assessment, 15 subsamples (Biokesum®: N?=?8; Placebo: N?=?7) completed N-back and Stroop tasks during fMRI scanning at baseline and 6th month. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 9 and 46) was identified as a region of interest (ROI) for brain activation analysis using SPM software. RESULTS:Two-way mixed ANOVA analysis showed significant improvements in Visual Reproduction II (p?=?0.012, partial ?2?=?0.470), tension (p?=?0.042, partial ?2?=?0.147), anger (p?=?0.010, partial ?2?=?0.207), confusion (p?=?0.041, partial ?2?=?0.148), total negative subscales (p?=?0.043, partial ?2?=?0.145), BDNF (p?=?0.020, partial ?2?=?0.179) and triglyceride (p?=?0.029, partial ?2?=?0.237) following 6 months of Biokesum® supplementation. Preliminary finding also demonstrated significant improvement at 0-back task-induced right DLPFC activation (p?=?0.028, partial ?2?=?0.652) among subsamples in Biokesum® group. No adverse events were reported at the end of the study. CONCLUSION:Six months Biokesum® supplementation potentially improved visual memory, negative mood, BDNF, and triglyceride levels among older adults with MCI. Significant findings on brain activation at the right DPLFC must be considered as preliminary. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Retrospectively registered on 30th August 2019 [ ISRC TN12417552 ].

Dataset Information

Cognitive impairment and its improvement after six months in adolescents with schizophrenia.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Cognitive impairment and its improvement after six months in adolescents with schizophrenia.

Similar Datasets

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