Oral Health & Quality of Life in preadolescents with hearing impairment in Uttarakhand, India.
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ABSTRACT: Background
"Better teeth better health" is a guiding dictum for the 21st century that has been well adopted by WHO and emulated world over by numerous health care agencies. Hence its of paramount importance to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life. Keeping this in mind the present study was done to gauge the impact of prevalence of dental diseases amongst 9-15 year old institutionalized hearing impaired children in districts of Uttarakhand, India.Materials & methodology
250 hearing impaired institutionalized 9-15 year old children were examined using WHO type III clinical examination for DMFT/dmft, Traumatic dental injuries using TDI index and dentofacial anomalies using Angle's classification of malocclusion. The Hindi version of the C-OIDP questionnaire was used in this study.Results
There was a high dental caries prevalence of 56% with significant male predilection. TDI index was 40.8% and the most common molar relation was class I with 90.4%. With 49.6% crowding was the most common dentofacial anomaly. Deformity of face or mouth has maximum impact on the daily life of these children. The overall oral health related quality of life was less favorable in this group.Conclusion
Oral health has a significant impact on daily life of these children with hearing impairment and those children having dental diseases showed unfavorable OHRQoL.
SUBMITTER: Singh A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6439272 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr-Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Oral Health & Quality of Life in preadolescents with hearing impairment in Uttarakhand, India.
Singh Aditi A Agarwal Anubha A Aeran Himanshu H Dhawan Preeti P
Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research 20190321 2
<h4>Background</h4>"Better teeth better health" is a guiding dictum for the 21st century that has been well adopted by WHO and emulated world over by numerous health care agencies. Hence its of paramount importance to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life. Keeping this in mind the present study was done to gauge the impact of prevalence of dental diseases amongst 9-15 year old institutionalized hearing impaired children in districts of Uttarakhand, India.<h4>Materials & methodo ...[more]
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Project description:ImportanceUtility is a single-value, preference-based measure of health-related quality of life that represents the desirability of a health state relative to being dead or in perfect health. Clinical, funding, and policy decisions rely on measured changes in utility. The benefit of hearing loss treatments may be underestimated because existing utility measures fail to capture important changes in quality of life associated with hearing loss.ObjectiveTo develop a comprehensive profile of items that describe how quality of life is associated with hearing loss and its treatments that can be used to generate hearing-related quality of life measures, including a novel utility measure.Design, setting, and participantsThis qualitative study, performed from August 1, 2018, to August 1, 2019, in tertiary referral centers, comprised a systematic literature review, focus groups, and semistructured interviews. The systematic review evaluated studies published from 1982 to August 1, 2018. Focus groups included 8 clinical experts experienced in the measurement, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of hearing loss. Semistructured interviews included 26 adults with hearing loss recruited from an institutional data set and outpatient hearing aid and otology clinics using stratified convenience sampling to include individuals of diverse ages, urban and rural residency, causes of hearing loss, severity of hearing loss, and treatment experience.Main outcomes and measuresA set of items and subdomains that collectively describe the association of hearing loss with health-related quality of life.ResultsThe literature search yielded 2779 articles from the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Forty-five studies including 1036 individuals (age range, 18-84 years) were included. The focus group included 4 audiologists and 4 otologists. Hour-long semistructured interviews were conducted with 26 individuals (13 women; median age, 54 years; range, 25-83 years) with a broad range of hearing loss causes, configurations, and severities. From all 3 sources, a total of 125 items were generated and organized into 29 subdomains derived from the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.Conclusions and relevanceThe association of hearing loss with quality of life is multidimensional and includes subdomains that are not considered in the estimation of health utility by existing utility measures. The presented comprehensive profile of items can be used to generate or evaluate measures of hearing-related quality of life, including utility measures.
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Project description:OBJECTIVES:To integrate items from two widely used oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaires, the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP), as well as culturally-specific items of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into a four-dimensional OHRQoL model consisting of Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. METHODS:Subjects came from an ancillary study of the Dimensions of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Project (N=267 patients, mean age±SD: 54.0±17.2years, 58% women.) Patients filled in the original 49 items of OHIP and 22 additional OHRQoL items in a cross-sectional study. These additional items consisted of 7 culturally specific OHIP items and 15 GOHAI or OIDP items with unique content not covered in OHIP-49. Before data collection, three experts hypothesized to which of the four OHRQoL dimensions these items belong. Hypotheses were tested in correlation analyses between the 22 items and the four dimension scores that were derived from OHIP-49. RESULTS:Five of the 22 items did not provide sufficient information to which dimension they belong. In 16 of the remaining 17 items, the pattern of correlation coefficients fitted experts' a priori hypotheses. Acceptance of 16 of the 17 hypotheses was interpreted as evidence that additional (not in OHIP-49 contained) OHRQoL items can be assigned to Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. CONCLUSION:Items of three OHRQoL instruments can be integrated into a dimensional OHRQoL model consisting of Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact can serve as a simple and clinically appealing set of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions and therefore provide an opportunity for simpler, but psychometrically improved OHRQoL measurement in the future.
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Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Patient-reported outcomes have gained prominence in the management of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Measurement of health-related quality of life is being increasingly incorporated into medical decision making and health care delivery processes. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS:The Indian Chronic Kidney Disease Study is a prospective cohort of participants with mild to moderate CKD. Baseline health-related quality of life scores, determined by the standardized Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 item instrument, are presented for the inception cohort (n=2919). Scores are presented on five subscales: mental component summary, physical component summary, burden, effect of kidney disease, and symptom and problems; each is scored 0-100. The associations of socioeconomic and clinical parameters with the five subscale scores and lower quality of life (defined as subscale score <1 SD of the sample mean) were examined. The main socioeconomic factors studied were sex, education, occupation, and income. The key medical factors studied were age, eGFR, diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria. RESULTS:The mean (SD) subscale scores were physical component summary score, 43±9; mental component summary score, 48±10; burden, 61±33; effects, 87±13; and symptoms, 90±20. Among the socioeconomic variables, women, lower education, and lower income were negatively associated with reduced scores across all subscales. For instance, the respective ?-coefficients (SD) for association with the physical component summary subscale were -2.6 (-3.4 to -1.8), -1.5 (-2.2 to -0.7), and -1.6 (-2.7 to -0.5). Medical factors had inconsistent or no association with subscale scores. The quality of life scores also displayed regional variations. CONCLUSIONS:In this first of its kind analysis from India, predominantly socioeconomic factors were associated with quality of life scores in patients with CKD.
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Project description:BackgroundChildren's oral health-related quality of life (COHQoL) measures are well known and widely used. However, rigorous systematic reviews of these measures and analyses of their quality are in absence.ObjectivesTo systematically review and quantitatively assess the quality of COHQoL measures through a scoping review.Data sourcesSystematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database), HaPI (Health and Psychosocial Instruments), and DOSS (Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source).Study eligibilityThe measure's focus was COHQoL; the child age ranged from 5 to 14 years; the publication was either a research article or a systematic review and related to caries; and it was written in English or had an English abstract. Two authors independently selected the studies. Disagreements were reconciled by group discussions with a third author.AppraisalThe International Society for Quality of Life Research minimum standards for patient-reported outcome measures were used for quality appraisal.SynthesisDescriptive analysis.ResultsWe identified 18 measures. Their quality scores ranged from 9.5 to 15.0 on a scale of 16. The quality appeared to bear no relationship to the citation and use of these measures. However, elements of these measures might be more useful than others, depending on the age-specific use and primary quality concerns.LimitationsSome of the information on the minimum standards of the 18 measures cannot be found in the existing literature. Measures published without English abstract were not searched.ConclusionsThe quality of these measures is suboptimal. Researchers and practitioners in this field should exercise caution when choosing and using these measures. Efforts at improving the quality of the COHQoL measures, such as refining existing ones or developing new measures, are warranted.Knowledge transfer statementResearchers, clinician scientists, and clinicians can use the results of this study when deciding which oral health-related quality of life measure they wish to use in children.
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