Dataset Information

Nitro-fatty acids protect against steatosis and fibrosis during development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and resulting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are reaching global epidemic proportions. Lack of non-invasive diagnostic tools and effective therapies constitute two of the major hurdles for a bona fide treatment and a reversal of NASH progression and/or regression of the disease. Nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO2) has been proven effective in multiple experimental models of inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, the potential benefit of in vivo administration of OA-NO2 to treat advanced NAFLD was tested herein in a model of long-term NASH diet-induced liver damage. METHODS:Non-invasive imaging (e.g. photoacustic-ultrasound (PA-US)) was pursued to establish advanced experimental model of NASH in mice in which both steatosis and fibrosis were diagnosed prior experimental therapy with OA-NO2. Experimental controls included equimolar amounts of the non-nitrated oleic acid (OA). CLAMS and NMR-based analysis was used for energy metabolism. FINDINGS:CLAMS and NMR-based analysis demonstrates that OA-NO2 improves body composition and energy metabolism and inhibits hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation. Photoacoustic-ultrasound imaging revealed a robust inhibition of liver steatosis and fibrosis by OA-NO2. RNA-sequencing analysis uncovered inflammation and fibrosis as major pathways suppressed by OA-NO2 administration, as well as regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis pathways, with a robust inhibition of SREBP1 proteolytic activation and subsequent lipogenesis gene expression by OA-NO2. These results were further supported by histological analysis and quantification of lipid accumulation, lobular inflammation (F4/80 staining) and fibrosis (collagen deposition, ?SMA staining) as well as established parameters of liver damage (ALT). In vitro studies indicate that OA-NO2 inhibits TG biosynthesis and accumulation in hepatocytes and inhibits fibrogenesis in human stellate cells. INTERPRETATION:OA-NO2 improve steatohepatitis and fibrosis and may constitute an effective therapeutic approach against advanced NAFLD that warrants further clinical evaluation.

SUBMITTER: Rom O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6444056 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Nitro-fatty acids protect against steatosis and fibrosis during development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

Rom Oren O Xu Guan G Guo Yanhong Y Zhu Yunhao Y Wang Huilun H Zhang Jifeng J Fan Yanbo Y Liang Wenying W Lu Haocheng H Liu Yuhao Y Aviram Michael M Liu Zhipeng Z Kim Seongho S Liu Wanqing W Wang Xueding X Chen Y Eugene YE Villacorta Luis L

EBioMedicine 20190213

<h4>Background</h4>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and resulting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are reaching global epidemic proportions. Lack of non-invasive diagnostic tools and effective therapies constitute two of the major hurdles for a bona fide treatment and a reversal of NASH progression and/or regression of the disease. Nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO<sub>2</sub>) has been proven effective in multiple experimental models of inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, the potential benefit of ...[more]

PMID: 30772307

Similar Datasets

Project description:BACKGROUND & AIMS:De novo lipogenesis is increased in livers of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Acetyl-coenzyme carboxylase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in this process. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of GS-0976, an inhibitor of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase in liver, in a phase 2 randomized placebo-controlled trial of patients with NASH. METHODS:We analyzed data from 126 patients with hepatic steatosis of at least 8%, based on the magnetic resonance imaging-estimated proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), and liver stiffness of at least 2.5 kPa, based on magnetic resonance elastography measurement or historical biopsy result consistent with NASH and F1-F3 fibrosis. Patients were randomly assigned (2:2:1) to groups given GS-0976 20 mg, GS-0976 5 mg, or placebo daily for 12 weeks, from August 8, 2016 through July 18, 2017. Measures of hepatic steatosis, stiffness, serum markers of fibrosis, and plasma metabolomics were evaluated. The primary aims were to confirm previous findings and evaluate the relation between dose and efficacy. RESULTS:A relative decrease of at least 30% from baseline in MRI-PDFF (PDFF response) occurred in 48% of patients given GS-0976 20 mg (P = .004 vs placebo), 23% given GS-0976 5 mg (P = .43 vs placebo), and 15% given placebo. Median relative decreases in MRI-PDFF were greater in patients given GS-0976 20 mg (decrease of 29%) than those given placebo (decrease of 8%; P = .002). Changes in magnetic resonance elastography-measured stiffness did not differ among groups, but a dose-dependent decrease in the fibrosis marker tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 was observed in patients given GS-0976 20 mg. Plasma levels of acylcarnitine species also decreased in patients with a PDFF response given GS-0976 20 mg. GS-0976 was safe, but median relative increases of 11% and 13% in serum levels of triglycerides were observed in patients given GS-0976. CONCLUSIONS:In a randomized placebo-controlled trial of patients with NASH, we found 12-week administration of GS-0976 20 mg decreased hepatic steatosis, selected markers of fibrosis, and liver biochemistry. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02856555.

Project description:BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) disease causes significant morbidity and mortality through increased inflammation and thrombosis. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are states of chronic inflammation and indicate advanced metabolic disease.ObjectiveThe purpose of this observational study was to characterize the risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 in patients with NAFLD/NASH and evaluate the mitigating effect of various metabolic treatments.SettingRetrospective analysis of electronic medical record data of 26,896 adults from a 12-hospital Midwest healthcare system with a positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test from March 1, 2020, to January 26, 2021.MethodsVariable selection was guided by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, and multiple imputation was used to account for missing data. Multivariable logistic regression and competing risk models were used to assess the odds of being hospitalized within 45 days of a COVID-19 diagnosis. Analysis assessed the risk of hospitalization among patients with a prescription for metformin and statin use within the 3 months prior to the COVID-19 PCR result, history of home glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) use, and history of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). Interactions were assessed by sex and race.ResultsA history of NAFLD/NASH was associated with increased odds of admission for COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR], 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-2.26; P < .001) and mortality (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.45-2.67; P < .001). Each additional year of having NAFLD/NASH was associated with a significant increased risk of being hospitalized for COVID-19 (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.14-1.35; P < .001). NAFLD/NASH increased the risk of hospitalization in men, but not women, and increased the risk of hospitalization in all multiracial/multiethnic subgroups. Medication treatments for metabolic syndrome were associated with significantly reduced risk of admission (OR, .81; 95% CI, .67-.99; P < .001 for home metformin use; OR, .71; 95% CI, .65-.83; P < .001 for home statin use). MBS was associated with a significant decreased risk of admission (OR, .48; 95% CI, .33-.69; P < .001).ConclusionsNAFLD/NASH is a significant risk factor for hospitalization for COVID-19 and appears to account for risk attributed to obesity. Other significant risks include factors associated with socioeconomic status and other co-morbidities, such as history of venous thromboembolism. Treatments for metabolic disease mitigated risks from NAFLD/NASH. More research is needed to confirm the risk associated with visceral adiposity, and patients should be screened for and informed of treatments for metabolic syndrome.

Dataset Information

Nitro-fatty acids protect against steatosis and fibrosis during development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

Publications

Nitro-fatty acids protect against steatosis and fibrosis during development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure