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Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: AIM:To compare the differences of glucose metabolism outcomes between treatment-naïve, patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and mood disorders. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of glucose intolerance in treatment-naïve, first episode patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). RESULTS:We identified 31 eligible studies. Compared to healthy controls, FEP group have higher insulin and insulin resistance levels, and both groups have higher glucose tolerance test results. No significant differences were found in glucose metabolism outcomes between FEP and mood disorder groups. CONCLUSIONS:Our results highlight impaired glucose metabolism at the onset of SMIs, suggesting both patients with psychosis and mood disorders are high-risk groups for diabetes development.

SUBMITTER: Kucukgoncu S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6445792 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kucukgoncu Suat S Kosir Urska U Zhou Elton E Sullivan Erin E Srihari Vinod H VH Tek Cenk C

Early intervention in psychiatry 20181002 5

<h4>Aim</h4>To compare the differences of glucose metabolism outcomes between treatment-naïve, patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and mood disorders.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of glucose intolerance in treatment-naïve, first episode patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs).<h4>Results</h4>We identified 31 eligible studies. Compared to healthy controls, FEP group have higher insulin and insulin resistance levels, and both groups have higher glu ...[more]

PMID: 30277314

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Project description:BackgroundThough olfactory deficits are well-documented in schizophrenia, fewer studies have examined olfactory performance profiles across the psychosis spectrum. The current study examined odor identification, discrimination, and detection threshold performance in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder with psychotic features, major depression with psychotic features, and other psychotic conditions.MethodFEP patients (n = 97) and healthy adults (n = 98) completed birhinal assessments of odor identification, discrimination, and detection threshold sensitivity for lyral and citralva. Participants also completed measures of anticipatory pleasure, anhedonia, and empathy. Differences in olfactory performances were assessed between FEP patients and controls and within FEP subgroups. Sex-stratified post hoc analyses were employed for a complete analysis of sex differences. Relationships between self-report measures and olfactory scores were also examined.ResultsIndividuals with psychosis had poorer scores across all olfactory measures when compared to the control group. Within the psychosis cohort, patients with schizophrenia-associated psychosis had poorer odor identification, discrimination, and citralva detection threshold scores relative to controls. In schizophrenia patients, greater olfactory disturbance was associated with increased negative symptomatology, greater self-reported anhedonia, and lower self-reported anticipatory pleasure. Patients with mood-associated psychosis performed comparable to controls though men and women in this cohort showed differential olfactory profiles.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that olfactory deficits extend beyond measures of odor identification in FEP with greater deficits observed in schizophrenia-related subgroups of psychosis. Studies examining whether greater olfactory dysfunction confers greater risk for developing schizophrenia relative to other forms of psychosis are warranted.

Project description:The Middle East is underrepresented in psychosis research. The ARAS recent onset acute phase psychosis survey (ARAS) is a longitudinal cohort across multiple centers in Iran, established to investigate characteristics, determinants and early course of psychosis in a non-Western, Middle East context. Here, baseline characteristics of the ARAS cohort are reported. The ARAS cohort enrolled patients with recent onset psychosis from September 2018 to September 2021 in East Azerbaijan, Kermanshah and Tehran, including Iranian patients from different sociocultural contexts. The baseline assessment included demographics, socioeconomic status, clinical (positive, negative, depressive symptoms) and psychosocial (religiosity, social support, self-stigma) characteristics, cognitive functioning, metabolic profile, substance use and medication use measured by validated questionnaires. These assessments will be followed up after one and five years. A total of 500 patients with a first episode of psychosis were enrolled from three provinces in Iran. With 74.1% being male, the mean age (SD) of patients was 32.3 (9.7) years. Nearly a quarter of patients was diagnosed with schizophrenia and 36.8% with substance induced psychotic disorder. Amphetamine (24%) and opium (12%) use were common, cannabis use was not (5%). Only 6.1% of patients lived alone while 29% of patients was married and had children. The majority of them had achieved secondary educational level and 34% had a paid job. The most common antipsychotic treatment was risperidone. There was a wide range for scores of PANSS, with 9.4% having dominant negative symptoms. The most common prescribed medication was risperidone. Near to 40% of patients had noticeable signs of depression and prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 13.4%. The majority of patients (57.2%) had moderate and 5.4% reported to have severe disability. More than 30% reported to be highly religious. Patients had the highest satisfaction with people living with, and the lowest for finance and job.

Dataset Information

Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publications

Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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