Dataset Information

Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

To compare the differences of glucose metabolism outcomes between treatment-naïve, patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and mood disorders.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of glucose intolerance in treatment-naïve, first episode patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs).

Results

We identified 31 eligible studies. Compared to healthy controls, FEP group have higher insulin and insulin resistance levels, and both groups have higher glucose tolerance test results. No significant differences were found in glucose metabolism outcomes between FEP and mood disorder groups.

Conclusions

Our results highlight impaired glucose metabolism at the onset of SMIs, suggesting both patients with psychosis and mood disorders are high-risk groups for diabetes development.

SUBMITTER: Kucukgoncu S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6445792 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kucukgoncu Suat S Kosir Urska U Zhou Elton E Sullivan Erin E Srihari Vinod H VH Tek Cenk C

Early intervention in psychiatry 20181002 5

<h4>Aim</h4>To compare the differences of glucose metabolism outcomes between treatment-naïve, patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and mood disorders.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of glucose intolerance in treatment-naïve, first episode patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs).<h4>Results</h4>We identified 31 eligible studies. Compared to healthy controls, FEP group have higher insulin and insulin resistance levels, and both groups have higher glu ...[more]

PMID: 30277314

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Project description:PurposePsychosis disproportionally affects ethnic minority groups in high-income countries, yet evidence of disparities in outcomes following intensive early intervention service (EIS) for First Episode Psychosis (FEP) is less conclusive. We investigated 5-year clinical and social outcomes of young people with FEP from different racial groups following EIS care.MethodData were analysed from the UK-wide NIHR SUPEREDEN study. The sample at baseline (n = 978) included White (n = 750), Black (n = 71), and Asian (n = 157) individuals, assessed during the 3 years of EIS, and up to 2 years post-discharge (n = 296; Black [n = 23]; Asian [n = 52] and White [n = 221]). Outcome trajectories were modelled for psychosis symptoms (positive, negative, and general), functioning, and depression, using linear mixed effect models (with random intercept and slopes), whilst controlling for social deprivation. Discharge service was also explored across racial groups, 2 years following EIS.ResultsVariation in linear growth over time was accounted for by racial group status for psychosis symptoms-positive (95% CI [0.679, 1.235]), negative (95% CI [0.315, 0.783]), and general (95% CI [1.961, 3.428])-as well as for functioning (95% CI [11.212, 17.677]) and depressive symptoms (95% CI [0.261, 0.648]). Social deprivation contributed to this variance. Black individuals experienced greater levels of deprivation (p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.187, 0.624]). Finally, there was a greater likelihood for Asian (OR = 3.04; 95% CI [2.050, 4.498]) and Black individuals (OR = 2.47; 95% CI [1.354, 4.520]) to remain in secondary care by follow-up.ConclusionFindings suggest variations in long-term clinical and social outcomes following EIS across racial groups; social deprivation contributed to this variance. Black and Asian individuals appear to make less improvement in long-term recovery and are less likely to be discharged from mental health services. Replication is needed in large, complete data, to fully understand disparities and blind spots to care.

Project description:BackgroundThough olfactory deficits are well-documented in schizophrenia, fewer studies have examined olfactory performance profiles across the psychosis spectrum. The current study examined odor identification, discrimination, and detection threshold performance in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder with psychotic features, major depression with psychotic features, and other psychotic conditions.MethodFEP patients (n = 97) and healthy adults (n = 98) completed birhinal assessments of odor identification, discrimination, and detection threshold sensitivity for lyral and citralva. Participants also completed measures of anticipatory pleasure, anhedonia, and empathy. Differences in olfactory performances were assessed between FEP patients and controls and within FEP subgroups. Sex-stratified post hoc analyses were employed for a complete analysis of sex differences. Relationships between self-report measures and olfactory scores were also examined.ResultsIndividuals with psychosis had poorer scores across all olfactory measures when compared to the control group. Within the psychosis cohort, patients with schizophrenia-associated psychosis had poorer odor identification, discrimination, and citralva detection threshold scores relative to controls. In schizophrenia patients, greater olfactory disturbance was associated with increased negative symptomatology, greater self-reported anhedonia, and lower self-reported anticipatory pleasure. Patients with mood-associated psychosis performed comparable to controls though men and women in this cohort showed differential olfactory profiles.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that olfactory deficits extend beyond measures of odor identification in FEP with greater deficits observed in schizophrenia-related subgroups of psychosis. Studies examining whether greater olfactory dysfunction confers greater risk for developing schizophrenia relative to other forms of psychosis are warranted.

Dataset Information

Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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