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Fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 concentration is associated with lower carbohydrate intake and increases with overeating.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that appears to play a major role in the control of food intake. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate and quantify the association of circulating GLP-1 concentration with ad libitum total calorie and macronutrient intake. METHODS:One-hundred and fifteen individuals (72 men) aged 35?±?10 years were admitted for an inpatient study investigating the determinants of energy intake. Ad libitum food intake was assessed during 3 days using a reproducible vending machine paradigm. Fasting plasma GLP-1 concentrations were measured on the morning of the first day and on the morning of the fourth day after ad libitum feeding. RESULTS:Plasma GLP-1 concentrations increased by 14% after 3 days of ad libitum food intake. Individuals overate on average 139?±?45% of weight-maintaining energy needs. Fasting plasma GLP-1 on day 1 was negatively associated with carbohydrate intake (r?=?-?0.2, p?=?0.03) and with daily energy intake from low fat-high simple sugar (r?=?-?0.22, p?=?0.016). CONCLUSION:Higher plasma GLP-1 concentrations prior to ad libitum food intake were associated with lower carbohydrate intake and lower simple sugar ingestion, indicating a possible role of the GLP-1 in the reward pathway regulating simple sugar intake. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00342732.

SUBMITTER: Basolo A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6447483 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are globally the leading cause of death and hypertension is a significant risk factor. Treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has been associated with decreases in blood pressure and CVD risk. Our aim was to investigate the association between endogenous GLP-1 responses to oral glucose and peripheral and central haemodynamic measures in a population at risk of diabetes and CVD. METHODS:This cross-sectional study included 837 Danish individuals from the ADDITION-PRO cohort (52% men, median (interquartile range) age 65.5 (59.8 to 70.7) years, BMI 26.1 (23.4 to 28.5) kg/m2, without antihypertensive treatment and known diabetes). All participants received an oral glucose tolerance test with measurements of GLP-1 at 0, 30 and 120 min. Aortic stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV). The associations between GLP-1 response and central and brachial blood pressure (BP) and PWV were assessed in linear regression models adjusting for age and sex. RESULTS:A greater GLP-1 response was associated with lower central systolic and diastolic BP of -?1.17 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) -?2.07 to -?0.27 mmHg, P?=?0.011) and -?0.74 mmHg (95% CI -?1.29 to -?0.18 mmHg, P?=?0.009), respectively, as well as lower brachial systolic and diastolic BP of -?1.27 mmHg (95% CI -?2.20 to -?0.33 mmHg, P?=?0.008) and -?1.00 (95% CI -?1.56 to -?0.44 mmHg, P?=?0.001), respectively. PWV was not associated with GLP-1 release (P?=?0.3). Individuals with the greatest quartile of GLP-1 response had clinically relevant lower BP measures compared to individuals with the lowest quartile of GLP-1 response (central systolic BP: -?4.94 (95% CI -?8.56 to -?1.31) mmHg, central diastolic BP: -?3.05 (95% CI -?5.29 to -?0.80) mmHg, brachial systolic BP: -?5.18 (95% CI -?8.94 to -?1.42) mmHg, and brachial diastolic BP: -?2.96 (95% CI -?5.26 to -?0.67) mmHg). CONCLUSION:Greater glucose-stimulated GLP-1 responses were associated with clinically relevant lower central and peripheral blood pressures, consistent with beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and reduced risk of CVD and mortality. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00237549. Retrospectively registered 10 October 2005.

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Fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 concentration is associated with lower carbohydrate intake and increases with overeating.

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