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Levels of circulating insulin cell-free DNA in women with polycystic ovary syndrome - a longitudinal cohort study.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) present a heterogeneous reproductive and metabolic profile with an increased lifetime risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Early biomarkers of these metabolic disturbances in PCOS women have not been identified. The abundance of circulating insulin gene promotor cell-free DNA (INS cfDNA) was shown to be valuable as a predictive biomarker of ?-cell death in individuals with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) as well as with gestational diabetes. Since ?-cell death is common to the development of T1D as well as in T2D, we aimed to investigate if insulin-coding DNA is more abundant in circulation of PCOS women (vs Controls) and if their levels change after 6?yr. follow-up as a potential measure to predict future T2D. METHODS:A cohort of 40 women diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam 2003 criteria and eight healthy controls were examined at baseline and 6?years follow-up. Clinical measurements for evaluation of glucose homeostasis as well as blood/serum samples were obtained at each visit. Methylated and unmethylated INS cfDNA were quantified using droplet digital PCR. Differences between groups were assessed using Kruskall-Wallis test and Wilcoxon Signed rank test. RESULTS:At baseline, there was no detectable difference in copy number (copies/?L) of methylated (p =?0.74) or unmethylated INS cfDNA (p =?0.34) between PCOS and Control groups. At follow up, neither methylated (p =?0.50) nor unmethylated INScfDNA levels (p =?0.48) differed significantly between these groups. Likewise, when pooling the groups, there was no difference between baseline and follow up, in terms of copies of methylated or unmethylated INS cfDNA (p =?0.38 and p =?0.52, respectively). There were no significant correlations between counts of unmethylated or methylated cfDNA and the clinical measurements of ?-cell function and pre-diabetes. CONCLUSION:The circulating level of unmethylated and methylated INScfDNA is similar between PCOS and Controls and cannot be used to predict islet ?-cell loss and progression to Type 2 diabetes in a 6-year follow-up. TRIAL REGISTRATION:The Danish Data Protection Agency (REG-31-2016. Approval: 01-12-2015) and by the Danish Scientific Ethical committee of Region Zealand (Journal no. SJ-525. Approval: 13-06-2016), Clinicaltrials.gov, ( NCT03142633 , registered 1. March, 2017, Retrospectively registered).

SUBMITTER: Udesen PB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6451227 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Levels of circulating insulin cell-free DNA in women with polycystic ovary syndrome - a longitudinal cohort study.

Udesen Pernille Bækgaard PB   Sørensen Anja Elaine AE   Joglekar Mugdha V MV   Hardikar Anandwardhan A AA   Wissing Marie Louise Muff MLM   Englund Anne-Lis Mikkelsen AM   Dalgaard Louise Torp LT  

Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E 20190405 1


<h4>Background</h4>Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) present a heterogeneous reproductive and metabolic profile with an increased lifetime risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Early biomarkers of these metabolic disturbances in PCOS women have not been identified. The abundance of circulating insulin gene promotor cell-free DNA (INS cfDNA) was shown to be valuable as a predictive biomarker of β-cell death in individuals with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) as well as with gestational diabetes. Since β  ...[more]

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