Dataset Information

General and domain-specific cognitive reserve, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia risk in older women.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

In a geographically diverse sample of women, we asked whether cognitive reserve (CR) is best viewed as a general or cognitive domain-specific construct and whether some cognitive reserve domains but not others exert protective effects on risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.

Methods

Estimates of general and domain-specific CR were derived via variance decomposition in 972 cognitively intact women from the Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging and Women's Health Memory Study Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Women were then followed up for 13 years.

Results

General CR was the strongest predictor of reduced risk for both MCI and dementia, compared to domain-specific CR measures. Verbal memory, figural memory, and spatial CR were independently protective of MCI, but only verbal memory was independently associated with reduced risk for dementia.

Discussion

Cognitive reserve is a heterogenous construct with valid quantitative measures identifiable across different neuropsychological processes associated with MCI and dementia.

SUBMITTER: Petkus AJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6461572 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

General and domain-specific cognitive reserve, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia risk in older women.

Petkus Andrew J AJ Resnick Susan M SM Rapp Stephen R SR Espeland Mark A MA Gatz Margaret M Widaman Keith F KF Wang Xinhui X Younan Diana D Casanova Ramon R Chui Helena H Barnard Ryan T RT Gaussoin Sarah S Goveas Joseph S JS Hayden Kathleen M KM Henderson Victor W VW Sachs Bonnie C BC Saldana Santiago S Shadyab Aladdin H AH Shumaker Sally A SA Chen Jiu-Chiuan JC

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) 20190410

<h4>Introduction</h4>In a geographically diverse sample of women, we asked whether cognitive reserve (CR) is best viewed as a general or cognitive domain-specific construct and whether some cognitive reserve domains but not others exert protective effects on risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.<h4>Methods</h4>Estimates of general and domain-specific CR were derived via variance decomposition in 972 cognitively intact women from the Women's Health Initiative Study of Co ...[more]

PMID: 31011622

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Project description:BackgroundMild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment, no dementia, are emerging terms that encompass the clinical state between normal cognition and dementia in elderly people. Controversy surrounds their characterization, definition and application in clinical practice. In this article, we provide physicians with practical guidance on the definition, diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment, no dementia, based on recommendations from the Third Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia, held in March 2006.MethodsWe developed evidence-based guidelines using systematic literature searches, with specific criteria for study selection and quality assessment, and a clear and transparent decision-making process. We selected studies published from January 1996 to December 2005 that had mild cognitive impairment or cognitive impairment, no dementia, as the outcome. Subsequent to the conference, we searched for additional articles published between January 2006 and January 2008. We graded the strength of evidence using the criteria of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.ResultsWe identified 2483 articles, of which 314 were considered to be relevant and of good or fair quality. From a synthesis of the evidence in these studies, we made 16 recommendations. In brief, family physicians should be aware that most types of dementia are preceded by a recognizable phase of mild cognitive decline. They should be familiar with the concepts of mild cognitive impairment and of cognitive impairment, no dementia. Patients with these conditions should be closely monitored because of their increased risk for dementia. Leisure activities, cognitive stimulation and physical activity could be promoted as part of a healthy lifestyle in elderly people and those with mild cognitive impairment. Vascular risk factors should be treated optimally. No other specific therapies can yet be recommended.InterpretationPhysicians will increasingly see elderly patients with mild memory loss, and learning an approach to diagnosing states such as mild cognitive impairment is now warranted. Close monitoring for progression to dementia, promotion of a healthy lifestyle and treatment of vascular risk factors are recommended for the management of patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Dataset Information

General and domain-specific cognitive reserve, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia risk in older women.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

General and domain-specific cognitive reserve, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia risk in older women.

Similar Datasets

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