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Optimal management after paediatric lumbar puncture: a randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:To evaluate whether a shorter time of lying supine without a pillow and fasting for solids and liquids (LSFSL) after a lumbar puncture (LP) is associated with a higher risk of post-lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) and post-lumbar puncture lower back pain (PLPBP) in a randomized, assessor-blinded, controlled trial. METHODS:Paediatric patients who underwent their first LP after hospital admission were randomly allocated to either the group with half an hour of LSFSL (0.5?h LSFSL) or 4?h of LSFSL (4?h LSFSL) immediately after LP. The primary outcome is PLPH after LP. The incidence of PLPH, PLPBP, and vomiting; vital signs (respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure); and other post-procedure conditions after LP were measured as the outcomes. The Non-inferiority test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to analyse the outcome data. RESULTS:In total, 400 patients (201 in the 0.5-h LSFSL group and 199 in the 4-h LSFSL group) were included in this trial. Twelve (5.97%) of 201 patients experienced PLPH in the 0.5?h LSFSL group versus 13 (6.53%) of 199 patients in the 4?h LSFSL group (difference 0.56, 95% CI -4.18 to 5.31; p?=?0·0108 for the non-inferiority test). Fourteen (6.97%) of 201 patients experienced PLPBP in the 0.5?h LSFSL group versus 17 (8.54%) of 199 patients in the 4?h LSFSL group (difference 1.57, 95% CI -3.66 to 6.82; p?=?0.007 for the non-inferiority test). The changes in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) before and after the LP were not different between the 0.5-h LSFSL group and the 4-h LSFSL group. No other adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS:Compared with 4?h of LSFSL after LP, 0.5?h of LSFSL was not associated with a higher risk of PLPH, PLPBP or other adverse events. In conclusion, 0.5?h of LSFSL is sufficient for children undergoing LP. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinical trial NCT02590718 . The date of registration was 08/25/2015.

SUBMITTER: Hu B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6466704 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Optimal management after paediatric lumbar puncture: a randomized controlled trial.

Hu Bing B Chen Tian-Ming TM Liu Bing B Chi Wei W Miao Yi-Qing YQ Nie Xiao-Lu XL Peng Xiao-Xia XX Liu Gang G

BMC neurology 20190413 1

<h4>Background</h4>To evaluate whether a shorter time of lying supine without a pillow and fasting for solids and liquids (LSFSL) after a lumbar puncture (LP) is associated with a higher risk of post-lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) and post-lumbar puncture lower back pain (PLPBP) in a randomized, assessor-blinded, controlled trial.<h4>Methods</h4>Paediatric patients who underwent their first LP after hospital admission were randomly allocated to either the group with half an hour of LSFSL (0.5 h ...[more]

PMID: 30987603

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Project description:BackgroundOur purpose was to determine the potential effect of preprocedural ultrasound (US) to increase lumbar puncture (LP) success compared with standard palpation method. Further, we assessed feasibility of and clinician satisfaction with a standardized US protocol.MethodsThis prospective, two-arm, parallel-group randomized trial was conducted in a single-center pediatric emergency department. We compared preprocedural US versus palpation method on success with infant LPs. Infants less than 3 months of age requiring LP were enrolled. Sixteen pediatric emergency medicine physicians with varied US experience were trained to conduct the USs to mark interspace locations. Primary outcome was successful LP, defined as obtaining a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample on first attempt with < 1,000 red blood cells per high-powered field (clear CSF). Secondary outcomes included clear CSF on any attempt, any CSF on the first attempt, traumatic LP proportion, and LP attempt frequency. Feasibility was assessed by comparing provider number attempting the LP and procedure duration. Clinician satisfaction and sonographer perceptions of US acceptability and impact were assessed.ResultsEighty-one patients consented and 80 were analyzed (99%): 40 per group. No statistical difference was seen for the primary outcome (p > 0.05) between intervention and control groups (difference 3%; 95% confidence interval = -19% to 24%). There were no statistical differences between intervention and controls groups for secondary outcomes including the rate of traumatic LPs, number of attempts, and the duration of LP procedure. Most sonographers (84%) strongly agreed or agreed that the US protocol was technically easy to perform, well tolerated by the patient (94%), well accepted by the family (100%), and well accepted by the LP procedural clinicians (99%). In the US group, the majority of clinicians who performed the LPs (68.4%) noted that the preprocedural US influenced their behavior, most commonly helping with overall visualization at the selected interspace (28.9%) or prompting a change in interspace (26.3% higher, 5.3% lower). Seventy-seven percent agreed or strongly agreed that they would like to use the technique again for their next LP. The mean US duration was 4.6 minutes.ConclusionsPreprocedural US by did not improve the rates of first-attempt success when compared with palpation method. Our results suggest that US is feasible and well accepted, with a perceptible impact on care.

Project description:BackgroundAccurate preoperative puncture and localization is a key step in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD). This study investigated the benefit of puncture and localization for PELD by C-arm navigation over conventional methods.MethodsSixteen adult cadavers were randomly divided into two groups (group A defined as the C-arm navigation method, and group B defined as the conventional localization method). Two junior orthopedic surgeons who specialized in spinal surgeries were randomly allocated to each group. Conventional localization using C-arm fluoroscopy and localization using C-arm navigation were performed during the procedure. The intervertebral foramen on both sides at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 levels were punctured using the two methods. Technical parameters, such as fluoroscopy time, puncture time, overall time taken for puncture and localization, as well as the number of fluoroscopies, number of puncture attempts, and success rate of the first puncture were compared between the two methods. The learning curves were plotted for the two methods, and correlations between all technical parameters were analyzed.ResultsPuncture and localization for PELD assisted by C-arm navigation had a flatter learning curve compared with the conventional localization method. The fluoroscopy, puncture, and total puncture-localization time for group A were 5.61 (±1.37), 2.29 (±1.22), and 9.78 (±2.66) minutes compared with 15.72 (±3.59), 4.87 (±1.70), and 20.59 (±4.79) minutes for group B, respectively (P<0.05). Fluoroscopy was used on average 5.15 (±1.34) times in group A and 20.04 (±5.05) times in group B (P<0.05). There was an average of 1.08 (±0.28) puncture attempts in group A compared with 4.67 (±1.88) attempts in group B (P<0.05). The success rate of the first puncture was 91.7% in group A and 10.4% in group B (P<0.05).ConclusionsPuncture and localization using C-arm navigation for PELD was shown to dramatically flatten the learning curve of junior surgeons and significantly improved the success rate of the first puncture. Moreover, PELD using C-arm navigation can minimize surgery time and the risk of radiation exposure for both patients and medical staff by reducing the number of fluoroscopies and puncture attempts.

Project description:Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Objective Despite a large number of publications of outcomes after spinal fusion surgery, there is still no consensus on the efficacy of the several different fusion methods. The aim of this study was to determine whether transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) results in an improved clinical outcome compared with uninstrumented posterolateral fusion (PLF) in the surgical treatment for chronic low back pain. Methods This study included 135 patients with degenerative disk disease (n = 96) or postdiskectomy syndrome (n = 39). Inclusion criteria were at least 1 year of back pain with or without leg pain in patients aged 20 to 65 with one- or two-level disease. Exclusion criteria were sequestration of disk hernia, psychosocial instability, isthmic spondylolisthesis, drug abuse, and previous spine surgery other than diskectomy. Pain was assessed by visual analog scale (pain index). Functional disability was quantified by the disability rating index and Oswestry Disability Index. The global outcome was assessed by the patient and classified as much better, better, unchanged, or worse. The patients were randomized to conventional uninstrumented PLF (n = 67) or TLIF (n = 68). PLF was performed in a standardized fashion using autograft. TLIF was performed with pedicle titanium screw fixation and a porous tantalum interbody spacer with interbody and posterolateral autograft. The clinical outcome measurements were obtained preoperatively and at 12 and 24 months postoperatively. The 2-year follow-up rate was 98%. Results The two treatment groups improved significantly from preoperatively to 2 years' follow-up. At final follow-up, the results in the TLIF group were significantly superior to those in the PLF group in pain index (2.0 versus 3.9, p = 0.007) and in disability rating index (22 versus 36, p = 0.003). The Oswestry Disability Index was better in the TLIF group (20 versus 28, p = 0.110, not significant). The global assessment was clearly superior in the TLIF group: 63% of patients scored "much better" in the TLIF group as compared with 48% in the PLF group (p = 0.017). Conclusions The results of the current study support the use of TLIF rather than uninstrumented PLF in the surgical treatment of the degenerative lumbar spine. The less optimal outcome after uninstrumented PLF may be explained by the much higher reoperation rate.

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Optimal management after paediatric lumbar puncture: a randomized controlled trial.

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Optimal management after paediatric lumbar puncture: a randomized controlled trial.

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