Dataset Information

Cucurbitacin D Reprograms Glucose Metabolic Network in Prostate Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer (PrCa) metastasis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity among men. Metastatic PrCa cells are typically adopted for aberrant glucose metabolism. Thus, chemophores that reprogram altered glucose metabolic machinery in cancer cells can be useful agent for the repression of PrCa metastasis. Herein, we report that cucurbitacin D (Cuc D) effectively inhibits glucose uptake and lactate production in metastatic PrCa cells via modulating glucose metabolism. This metabolic shift by Cuc D was correlated with decreased expression of GLUT1 by its direct binding as suggested by its proficient molecular docking (binding energy -8.5 kcal/mol). Cuc D treatment also altered the expression of key oncogenic proteins and miR-132 that are known to be involved in glucose metabolism. Cuc D (0.1 to 1 µM) treatment inhibited tumorigenic and metastatic potential of human PrCa cells via inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Cuc D treatment also showed inhibition of tumor growth in PrCa xenograft mouse model with concomitant decrease in the expression of GLUT1, PCNA and restoration of miR-132. These results suggest that Cuc D is a novel modulator of glucose metabolism and could be a promising therapeutic modality for the attenuation of PrCa metastasis.

SUBMITTER: Sikander M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6469021 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cucurbitacin D Reprograms Glucose Metabolic Network in Prostate Cancer.

Sikander Mohammed M Malik Shabnam S Chauhan Neeraj N Khan Parvez P Kumari Sonam S Kashyap Vivek Kumar VK Khan Sheema S Ganju Aditya A Halaweish Fathi T FT Yallapu Murali M MM Jaggi Meena M Chauhan Subhash C SC

Cancers 20190314 3

Prostate cancer (PrCa) metastasis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity among men. Metastatic PrCa cells are typically adopted for aberrant glucose metabolism. Thus, chemophores that reprogram altered glucose metabolic machinery in cancer cells can be useful agent for the repression of PrCa metastasis. Herein, we report that cucurbitacin D (Cuc D) effectively inhibits glucose uptake and lactate production in metastatic PrCa cells via modulating glucose metabolism. This metabolic shift by ...[more]

PMID: 30875788

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Project description:ObjectiveAberrant activity of androgen receptor (AR) is the primary cause underlying development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Androgen signaling regulates gene transcription and lipid metabolism, facilitating tumor growth and therapy resistance in early and advanced PCa. Although direct AR signaling inhibitors exist, AR expression and function can also be epigenetically regulated. Specifically, lysine (K)-specific demethylases (KDMs), which are often overexpressed in PCa and CRPC phenotypes, regulate the AR transcriptional program.MethodsWe investigated LSD1/UTX inhibition, two KDMs, in PCa and CRPC using a multi-omics approach. We first performed a mitochondrial stress test to evaluate respiratory capacity after treatment with MC3324, a dual KDM-inhibitor, and then carried out lipidomic, proteomic, and metabolic analyses. We also investigated mechanical cellular properties with acoustic force spectroscopy.ResultsMC3324 induced a global increase in H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 accompanied by significant growth arrest and apoptosis in androgen-responsive and -unresponsive PCa systems. LSD1/UTX inhibition downregulated AR at both transcriptional and non-transcriptional level, showing cancer selectivity, indicating its potential use in resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. Since MC3324 impaired metabolic activity, by modifying the protein and lipid content in PCa and CRPC cell lines. Epigenetic inhibition of LSD1/UTX disrupted mitochondrial ATP production and mediated lipid plasticity, which affected the phosphocholine class, an important structural element for the cell membrane in PCa and CRPC associated with changes in physical and mechanical properties of cancer cells.ConclusionsOur data suggest a network in which epigenetics, hormone signaling, metabolite availability, lipid content, and mechano-metabolic process are closely related. This network may be able to identify additional hotspots for pharmacological intervention and underscores the key role of KDM-mediated epigenetic modulation in PCa and CRPC.

Project description:Hypercholesterolemia is often correlated with obesity which is considered a risk factor for various cancers. With the growing population of hypercholesterolemic individuals, there is a need to understand the role of increased circulatory cholesterol or dietary cholesterol intake towards cancer etiology and pathology. Recently, abnormality in the blood cholesterol level of colon cancer patients has been reported. In the present study, we demonstrate that alteration in cholesterol levels (through a high-cholesterol or high-fat diet) increases the incidence of chemical carcinogen-induced colon polyp occurrence and tumor progression in mice. At the cellular level, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) promote colon cancer cell proliferation by tuning the cellular glucose and lipid metabolism. Mechanistically, supplementation of LDLc or HDLc promotes cellular glucose uptake, and utilization, thereby, causing an increase in lactate production by colon cancer cells. Moreover, LDLc or HDLc upregulates aerobic glycolysis, causing an increase in total ATP production through glycolysis, and a decrease in ATP generation by OXPHOS. Interestingly, the shift in the metabolic status towards a more glycolytic phenotype upon the availability of cholesterol supports rapid cell proliferation. Additionally, an alteration in the expression of the molecules involved in cholesterol uptake along with the increase in lipid and cholesterol accumulation was observed in cells supplemented with LDLc or HDLc. These results indicate that colon cancer cells directly utilize the cholesterol associated with LDLc or HDLc. Moreover, targeting glucose metabolism through LDH inhibitor (oxamate) drastically abrogates the cellular proliferation induced by LDLc or HDLc. Collectively, we illustrate the vital role of cholesterol in regulating the cellular glucose and lipid metabolism of cancer cells and its direct effect on the colon tumorigenesis.

Project description:BackgroundThe activities of MYC, the androgen receptor, and its associated pioneer factors demonstrate substantial reprogramming between early and advanced prostate cancer. Although previous studies have shown a shift in cellular metabolic requirements associated with prostate cancer progression, the epigenetic regulation of these processes is incompletely described. Here, we have integrated chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and whole-transcriptome sequencing to identify novel regulators of metabolism in advanced prostate tumors characterized by elevated MYC activity.ResultsUsing ChIP-seq against MYC, HOXB13, and AR in LNCaP cells, we observed redistribution of co-bound sites suggestive of differential KMT2A activity as a function of MYC expression. In a cohort of 177 laser-capture microdissected foci of prostate tumors, KMT2A expression was positively correlated with MYC activity, AR activity, and HOXB13 expression, but decreased with tumor grade severity. However, KMT2A expression was negatively correlated with these factors in 25 LuCaP patient-derived xenograft models of advanced prostate cancer and 99 laser-capture microdissected foci of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Stratified by KMT2A expression, ChIP-seq against AR and HOXB13 in 15 LuCaP patient-derived xenografts showed an inverse association with sites involving genes implicated in lipid metabolism, including the arachidonic acid metabolic enzyme PLA2G4F. LuCaP patient-derived xenograft models grown as organoids recapitulated the inverse association between KMT2A expression and fluorine-18 labeled arachidonic acid uptake in vitro.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that the epigenetic activity of transcription factor oncogenes exhibits a shift during prostate cancer progression with distinctive phenotypic effects on metabolism. These epigenetically driven changes in lipid metabolism may serve as novel targets for the development of novel imaging agents and therapeutics.

Dataset Information

Cucurbitacin D Reprograms Glucose Metabolic Network in Prostate Cancer.

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Cucurbitacin D Reprograms Glucose Metabolic Network in Prostate Cancer.

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