May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results in Armenia-Europe.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zelveian P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6480932 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. According to STEPS-Georgia, between 2010 and 2016, arterial hypertension prevalence (BP ≥140/90 mmHg or being treated) increased from 33.4% to 37.7%. According to the Health for All (HFA) (WHO data set) Database in Georgia in 2015 cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality contributed to 42.6% of overall deaths; among them 23.3% is due to coronary heart disease (CHD), and 30% due to cerebrovascular diseases. An opportunistic screening of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017 (MMM17). BP measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Screening was carried out in 50 sites at a national scale (clinics, public places). Five hundred volunteers, mostly medical personnel took part in the project. A total of 6144 individuals were screened during MMM17. After multiple imputations, 3744 (60.9%) had hypertension. Of those not on anti-hypertensive medication, 958 (28.5%) respondents were found to have hypertension, while 1862 (66.8%) individuals receiving anti-hypertensive medication, had uncontrolled BP. MMM17 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Georgia. Approximately 60% of those screened had hypertension and among those who receive medication, up to 70% are treated inadequately. These results suggest that opportunistic screening can identify a significant number of people with raised BP.
| S-EPMC6479419 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programs worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension (HTN), and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. In total, 2711 individuals (58.6% female) were screened during MMM17 in 56 centres. After multiple imputation, 1704 (62.9%) had HTN (≥140/90 mmHg). Of individuals not receiving antihypertensive medication, 764 (43.2%) were hypertensive. Of individuals receiving antihypertensive medication, 597 (63.5%) had uncontrolled BP. MMM17 was one of the largest BP screening campaigns undertaken in Austria. A large number of undiagnosed hypertensives was found and connected to a therapeutic strategy. An alarming number of uncontrolled but treated hypertensives should attract the attention of doctors and health care system in Austria.
| S-EPMC6479427 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is an enormous public health problem and a growing burden worldwide and the biggest single risk factor for cardiovascular death. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed to raise awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May to July 2019. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. The study was conducted in public areas (23 sites in the capital city Yerevan and 13 in other regions), both indoor and outdoor, as well as in primary and secondary healthcare centres. In total, 9818 individuals (11.3% participated in either MMM2017/2018 or both) were screened of which 9786 had three BP measurements available, 1.6% of them reported never having had their BP measured. The mean age of screened participants was 47.6 (SD ± 16.5) years, 61.9% were female. After multiple imputation, 41.6% of participants had hypertension and 72.8% of them were aware of their high BP, 65.4% were on treatment, and of those treated, 46.5% had controlled BP (<140/90 mmHg). Of 4088 participants with hypertension, 30.4% had controlled BP. Of all risk factors analysed, reported use of anti-hypertensive medication and a previous diagnosis of hypertension were the strongest predictors of higher levels of BP. We found that the prevalence of hypertension, untreated and treated, but uncontrolled hypertension is still substantial in Armenia, which maybe a vital contributor to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases.
| S-EPMC8494059 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. The cardiovascular mortality rate in Hungary is twice as high as the European Union average. In a recent Hungarian screening programme, among those volunteers who claimed to be healthy, BP was above 140/90 mmHg in 24% and 39% in women and men, while the control rate was 45% and 36% in women and men, respectively. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative by the International Society of Hypertension aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017. BP measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. In Hungary, 97 sites were set-up in primary and secondary care facilities, in pharmacies and in malls. All regions, both cities and villages were involved. A total of 3967 individuals were screened. After multiple imputation, 2052 subjects (51.8%) had hypertension. 553 (22.4%) of untreated individuals had hypertension, and 666 (44.5%) of treated individuals had uncontrolled BP. More than 50% of the screened cohort had hypertension (treated and controlled, treated and uncontrolled or untreated). By identifying almost one-third of the screened cohort with the possibility of newly diagnosed or uncontrolled hypertension, the Hungarian part of MMM17 suggest that opportunistic screening can identify significant numbers with raised BP.
| S-EPMC6479421 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite the availability of efficient methods to evaluate blood pressure (BP) and of safe and efficient medication to treat and control hypertension, the levels of awareness, treatment and control are very low globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. To highlight the importance of improving these rates, the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) endorsed by the World Hypertension League have implemented the May Measurement Month initiative. We present here the results obtained in Colombia. The Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) led the implementation of this strategy in Colombia and 11 departments participated. The data collection followed the guidelines of the ISH. The information collected was compiled for the report generation and the submission to the Technical Secretariat of the ISH. Data cleaning was performed locally by FOSCAL. Data were collated and analysed centrally. A total of 22 258 participants (58.8% female) were included in the analysis. Mean age was 40.9 ± 17.7 years. Age and sex-standardized BP excluding participants receiving BP medications was 118/74.3 mmHg, and in those on treatment 125/78 mmHg. High BP was present in 5036 (22.8%) individuals, 1637 of 18 644 (8.8%) who were not receiving anti-hypertensive medications were hypertensive, and 961 of 3359 (28.6%) receiving treatment were not controlled. These results highlight the need to develop innovative promotion strategies at individual and population levels to increase the awareness of the importance of BP, and the consequences of not having well-controlled hypertension. This initiative is an effective and easy to implement strategy that should be maintained in the coming years.
| S-EPMC6479493 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. In China, several hypertension screening programmes are undertaken in the elderly in the community and in youths at university entrance and graduation. However, most people, especially the middle-aged working population, do not often have their BP measured. The current awareness (46.9%), treatment (40.7%), and control rates (15.3%) of hypertension remain low, while the proportion of screenees with hypertension is high in adult Chinese (23.2%). An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2017. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. About 125 236 individuals were screened. After multiple imputation, with 124 623 as denominator, 32 089 (25.7%) had hypertension. Of the 103 981 individuals not on antihypertensive medication, 11 447 (11.0%) were hypertensive. Of the 20 547 individuals on antihypertensive medication, 7392 (36.0%) had uncontrolled BP (≥140/90 mmHg). An opportunistic screening may effectively identify those with high BP regardless of the use of antihypertensive medication and shows similar information on BP as a survey in a randomly selected population sample.
| S-EPMC6479433 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Hypertension is the leading risk factor of mortality in Nepal accounting for ∼33 000 deaths in 2016. However, more than 50% of the hypertensive patients are unaware of their status. We participated in the May Measurement Month 2017 (MMM17) project initiated worldwide by the International Society of Hypertension to raise the awareness on the importance of blood pressure (BP) screening. In this paper, we discuss the screening results of MMM17 in Nepal. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2017 following the standard MMM protocol. Data were collected from 18 screening sites in 7 districts covering 5 provinces. Screenings were conducted either in health facilities, public places, or participants' homes. Trained volunteers with health science background and female community health volunteers were mobilized to take part in the screening. A total of 5972 individuals were screened and of 5968 participants, for whom a mean of the 2nd and 3rd readings was available, 1456 (24.4%) participants had hypertension; 908 (16.8%) of those not receiving treatment were hypertensive; and 248 (45.2%) of those being treated had uncontrolled BP. MMM17 is the first nationwide BP screening campaign undertaken in Nepal. Given the suboptimal treatment and control rates identified in the study, there is a strong imperative to scale up hypertension prevention, screening, and management programmes. These results suggest that opportunistic screening can identify significant numbers with hypertension. Mobilization of existing volunteer networks and support of community stakeholders, would be necessary to improve the overall impact and sustainability of future screening programmes.
| S-EPMC6479435 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP), or hypertension, is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and acting as a stimulus to improving screening programmes worldwide. In the United Kingdom (UK) nearly 1 in 5 people, and in the Republic of Ireland (RoI) 3 out of 10, have hypertension, of which a large proportion remains undiagnosed. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2017. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed a standardized protocol. Screenings sites in hospitals, universities, shopping centres, workplaces, sports clubs, community centres, GP practices, and pharmacies were set up across the UK and RoI as part of this initiative. Seven thousand seven hundred and fourteen individuals were screened during MMM17. After multiple imputation, 3099 (40.3%) had hypertension. Of individuals not receiving antihypertensive medication, 1406 (23.4%) were hypertensive. Of individuals receiving antihypertensive medication, 682 (40.5%) had uncontrolled BP. MMM17 was the largest BP screening campaign ever undertaken in the UK and RoI. These data prove for the first time that a relatively inexpensive, volunteer based, convenience sampling of screening BP in the community identified two out of five individuals as hypertensive, with one in four not receiving treatment. Of major concern is that these data demonstrate that of those individuals receiving treatment, two out of five still did not have controlled BP.
| S-EPMC6479415 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. Prevalence of hypertension is reported to reach 34% in some areas of Zambia but public awareness is reportedly low. A majority of individuals do not know that they have high BP and others do not take any medication. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Measurement sites were set-up at shopping malls, markets, sports facilities, churches, higher institutions of learning, and urban clinics. A total of 9607 individuals were screened during MMM17. After multiple imputation, 2438 (25.9%) had hypertension. Of individuals not receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 1706 (19.6%) were hypertensive. Of individuals receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 438 (62%) had uncontrolled BP. The MMM for 2017 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Zambia. The campaign identified 2438 individuals with hypertension who were given heart health advice and/or referred to the local clinic for treatment. These results suggest that a large BP screening campaign based on convenience sampling could be a useful and reasonably inexpensive tool to help raise awareness in the general population and thereby help address the burden of disease caused by hypertension.
| S-EPMC6480039 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide and is the leading cause of mortality and disability-adjusted life years all over the world. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed to raise awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May to July 2018. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension (HTN) and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. The study was conducted in public areas (17 sites in Yerevan and 22 in regions), both indoor and outdoor, as well as in 78 primary care centres. A total of 21 112 individuals were screened during MMM18, of which 20 732 had three BP measurements available. The mean age of screened individuals was 46.2 ± 17.3 years, 57.8% were female. At the time of screening, 26.1% were on antihypertensive medication. After imputation, the percentage of participants with HTN was 38.7%, and 76.7% of them were aware of their high BP. Of participants receiving treatment, 47.1% had a controlled BP. MMM18 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Armenia. We found that the proportion of HTN is substantial in Armenia, which may be a vital contributor to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases. Our results also suggest that untreated HTN is common and when treated still not adequately controlled in Armenia. The current situation, with an insufficient control rate of HTN, must be changed as soon as possible.
| S-EPMC7455293 | biostudies-literature