Dataset Information

Rapid assessment of heavy metal pollution using ion-exchange resin sachets and micro-XRF core-scanning.

ABSTRACT: Conventional pollution monitoring strategies for heavy metals are often costly and unpractical. Innovative sampling and analytical approaches are therefore needed to efficiently monitor large areas. This study presents a novel, simple, fast, and inexpensive method to monitor heavy metal pollution that uses cation-exchange resin sachets and the micro-XRF core-scanning technique (XRF-CS). The resin passive samplers act as concentrators of cationic species and can be readily deployed spatially and temporally to record pollution signals. The large number of analytical tasks are then overcome by the fast and non-destructive XRF-CS to precisely assess elemental concentrations. Quantifying element loading involves direct comparison with a set of identically prepared and scanned resin reference standards containing Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb. The results show that within the test range (from 0-1000?s?mg kg^-1), the calibration lines have excellent regressions (R²???0.97), even at the shortest exposure time (1?s). A pilot field survey of a suspected polluted area in central Taiwan, where 30 resin sachets had been deployed, identified a pollution hot spot in a rapid and economical manner. Therefore, this approach has the potential to become a valuable tool in environmental monitoring and forensics.

SUBMITTER: Huang JS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6488570 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapid assessment of heavy metal pollution using ion-exchange resin sachets and micro-XRF core-scanning.

Huang Jyh-Jaan Steven JS Lin Sheng-Chi SC Löwemark Ludvig L Liou Sofia Ya Hsuan SYH Chang Queenie Q Chang Tsun-Kuo TK Wei Kuo-Yen KY Croudace Ian W IW

Scientific reports 20190429 1

Conventional pollution monitoring strategies for heavy metals are often costly and unpractical. Innovative sampling and analytical approaches are therefore needed to efficiently monitor large areas. This study presents a novel, simple, fast, and inexpensive method to monitor heavy metal pollution that uses cation-exchange resin sachets and the micro-XRF core-scanning technique (XRF-CS). The resin passive samplers act as concentrators of cationic species and can be readily deployed spatially and ...[more]

PMID: 31036842

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Project description:Detecting clandestine, intermittent release of heavy metal pollution into natural and man-made water ways is challenging. Conventional chemical methods are both labor intensive and expensive. A recent approach combining ion-exchange resins with the capabilities of X-ray fluorescence core scanners (XRF-CS) therefore is of great interest. In short, ion-exchange resin is deployed in the water using small sachets, the resin is then collected, dried, filled into sample holders and scanned using XRF-CS. Ion-exchange resins take up heavy metals in proportion to the concentration in the ambient water, with a correlation coefficient (R2) between concentration and XRF-CS counts better than 0.96 for most elements. However, a number of parameters influence the measurements. Different drying methods introduce differences in the XRF counts because of lattice bound water, resin shrinkage, and disaggregation of the resin particles. Furthermore, the newly developed sample carrier, which was constructed using 3D printed polymers, contains trace amounts of elements that may influence the sample measurements through edge effects and secondary fluorescence. In the tested sample carrier materials, substantial levels of Cr, Fe, Co, and Zn were detected, while Ca, Ti, Ni, Cu, Ga showed variable levels. Ba, Tl and Bi show very low levels, and Pb is only of importance in the PLA carrier. It is therefore necessary to streamline the analysis-process to ensure that the variations in sample treatment and drying and filling methods are minimized. It is also recommended that only spectra from the center of the compartments are used for the evaluation to avoid edge effects caused by secondary fluorescence of metals in the compartment walls. Although the technique of using ion-exchange resin sachets and XRF-CS analysis is only semi-quantitative, it is a cost effective and fast way to monitor large areas for environmental pollution, and the new sample carrier greatly contributes to make the process faster and less error prone.

Dataset Information

Rapid assessment of heavy metal pollution using ion-exchange resin sachets and micro-XRF core-scanning.

Publications

Rapid assessment of heavy metal pollution using ion-exchange resin sachets and micro-XRF core-scanning.

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