Dataset Information

Ammonia Volatilization Loss and Corn Nitrogen Nutrition and Productivity with Efficiency Enhanced UAN and Urea under No-tillage.

ABSTRACT: New urease and nitrification inhibitors and polymer coatings were introduced in recent years, but their effects on N loss and plant N nutrition were scarcely examined in agronomic no-tillage production systems. A field experiment of urea treated with efficiency enhancers was conducted on no-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) in Tennessee, the USA during 2013-2015. A field experiment on urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN) treated with efficiency enhancers was carried out on no-tillage corn in Tennessee in 2014 and 2015. Urea treated with N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) at concentrations of 20% (NBPT₁), 26.7% (NBPT₂), or 30% (NBPT₃) and polymer coated urea (PCU) were effective but maleic-itaconic copolymer treated urea was ineffective in reducing ammonia volatilization loss and improving N nutrition, grain yield, and N agronomic use efficiency of corn compared with untreated urea. Specifically, NBPT₁, NBPT₂, or NBPT₃ treated urea and PCU reduced the total ammonia volatilization loss by 29.1-78.8%, 35.4-81.9%, 77.3-87.4%, and 59.1-83.3% during the 20 days after N applications, but increased grain yield by 15.6-31.4%, 12.9-34.8%, 18.7-19.9%, and 14.6-41.1%, respectively. The inhibitory effect of NBPT on ammonia volatilization did not improve with NBPT concentration increased from 20% to 30%. UAN treated with NBPT₃ or a combination of urease and nitrification inhibitors resulted in 16.5-16.6% higher corn yield than untreated UAN only when they were surface applied. In conclusion, when urea-containing fertilizers are surface applied without any incorporation into the soil under no-tillage, their use efficiencies and performances on corn can be enhanced with an effective urease inhibitor in areas and years with noticeable urea N losses.

SUBMITTER: Liu S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6488641 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ammonia Volatilization Loss and Corn Nitrogen Nutrition and Productivity with Efficiency Enhanced UAN and Urea under No-tillage.

Liu Shuangli S Wang Xiaohui X Yin Xinhua X Savoy Hubert J HJ McClure Angela A Essington Michael E ME

Scientific reports 20190429 1

New urease and nitrification inhibitors and polymer coatings were introduced in recent years, but their effects on N loss and plant N nutrition were scarcely examined in agronomic no-tillage production systems. A field experiment of urea treated with efficiency enhancers was conducted on no-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) in Tennessee, the USA during 2013-2015. A field experiment on urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN) treated with efficiency enhancers was carried out on no-tillage corn in Tennessee in 20 ...[more]

PMID: 31036900

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Project description:In agricultural plant production, nitrate, ammonium, and urea are the major fertilized nitrogen forms, which differ in root uptake and downstream signaling processes in plants. Nitrate is known to stimulate cytokinin synthesis in roots, while for urea no hormonal effect has been described yet. Elevated cytokinin levels can delay plant senescence favoring prolonged nitrogen uptake. As the cultivation of winter oilseed rape provokes high nitrogen-balance surpluses, we tested the hypotheses whether nitrogen use efficiency increases under ammonium nitrate- relative to urea-based nutrition and whether this is subject to genotypic variation. In a 2-year field study, 15 oilseed rape lines were fertilized either with ammonium nitrate or with urease inhibitor-stabilized urea and analyzed for seed yield and nitrogen-related yield parameters. Despite a significant environmental impact on the performance of the individual lines, which did not allow revealing consistent impact of the genotype, ammonium nitrate-based nutrition tended to increase seed yield in average over all lines. To resolve whether the fertilizer N forms act on grain yield via phytohormones, we collected xylem exudates at three developmental stages and determined the translocation rates of cytokinins and N forms. Relative to urea, ammonium nitrate-based nutrition enhanced the translocation of nitrate or total nitrogen together with cytokinins, whereas in the urea treatment translocation rates were lower as long as urea remained stable in the soil solution. At later developmental stages, i.e., when urea became hydrolyzed, nitrogen and cytokinin translocation increased. In consequence, urea tended to increase nitrogen partitioning in the shoot toward generative organs. However, differences in overall nitrogen accumulation in shoots were not present at the end of the vegetation period, and neither nitrogen uptake nor utilization efficiency was consistently different between the two applied nitrogen forms.

Dataset Information

Ammonia Volatilization Loss and Corn Nitrogen Nutrition and Productivity with Efficiency Enhanced UAN and Urea under No-tillage.

Publications

Ammonia Volatilization Loss and Corn Nitrogen Nutrition and Productivity with Efficiency Enhanced UAN and Urea under No-tillage.

Similar Datasets

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