Dataset Information

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the TODAY Study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To determine whether self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is associated with lower HbA_1c in youth with type 2 diabetes taking oral medications only or after starting insulin for persistently elevated HbA_1c.

Research design and methods

Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study participants (n = 699) taking oral medications were asked to perform SMBG twice daily. After reaching primary outcome (PO) (HbA_1c ≥8% [64 mmol/mol]) over 6 months or an inability to wean from temporary insulin because of metabolic decompensation), insulin glargine was started. HbA_1c and percent of SMBG (SMBG%) (percent days when the meter was used one or more times) before and after PO were analyzed.

Results

SMBG declined over time and was inversely related to HbA_1c (P < 0.0001). Of 298 youth who reached PO and started insulin, 282 had SMBG data. At PO, mean ± SD age was 15.8 ± 2.3 years, BMI 35.5 ± 7.9 kg/m², and HbA_1c 9.6 ± 2.0% (81 ± 21.9 mmol/mol); 65.3% were female. Median SMBG% was 40% at PO, which increased to 49% after 6 months and fell to 41% after 1 year on insulin. At PO, 22% of youth checked ≥80% of days, which increased to 25% and fell to 19% after 6 and 12 months using insulin, respectively. At PO, compared with those who checked <80%, youth who checked ≥80% were younger and with a lower BMI, HbA_1c, and blood pressure. SMBG ≥80% was associated with ≥1% reduction in HbA_1c at 6 and 12 months after insulin initiation.

Conclusions

Low SMBG adherence was common and associated with higher HbA_1c. Optimal SMBG frequency in youth using or not using insulin, and whether less frequent SMBG is a marker for overall worse self-care, require further study.

SUBMITTER: Weinstock RS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6489117 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the TODAY Study.

Weinstock Ruth S RS Braffett Barbara H BH McGuigan Paul P Larkin Mary E ME Grover Nisha B NB Walders-Abramson Natalie N Laffel Lori M LM Chan Christine L CL Chang Nancy N Schwartzman Beth E BE Barajas Rose Ann RA Celona-Jacobs Nicole N Haymond Morey W MW

Diabetes care 20190304 5

<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is associated with lower HbA<sub>1c</sub> in youth with type 2 diabetes taking oral medications only or after starting insulin for persistently elevated HbA<sub>1c</sub>.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study participants (<i>n</i> = 699) taking oral medications were asked to perform SMBG twice daily. After reaching primary outcome (PO) (HbA<sub ...[more]

PMID: 30833375

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Project description:Background/aimsConducting longitudinal research related to chronic illness in adolescents is inherently challenging due to developmental changes and psychosocial stressors. Participants in the Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth clinical trial were socioeconomically disadvantaged as well. This study assessed attitudes and beliefs about retention in Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth to shed light on the factors that potentially promote and detract from the likelihood of sustained participation.MethodsAfter an average 7.3 years of follow-up (range 4.9-9.5), Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth participants completed a survey examining their perceptions of the benefits and barriers to sustained involvement in the protocol.ResultsThe most common reasons for staying in Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth included having a strong relationship with the medical team, getting study-provided diabetes care, access to free diabetes medicine and supplies, and being part of a large study to learn more about how to care for youth-onset type 2 diabetes. The most commonly endorsed challenges included scheduling conflicts, possibly disappointing others, difficulties getting to study visits, and the occurrence of other medical issues.ConclusionsSimilar to other published reports, a supportive relationship with study staff was commonly endorsed as a benefit of engagement in the longitudinal study, suggesting that rapport, staff consistency, and relationship quality are important components of optimal retention. Moreover, our findings suggest the value of trying to remove logistical barriers, such as transportation and scheduling challenges, in order to promote long-term participation in research. Further research is recommended to evaluate factors that contribute to attrition versus retention in an a priori manner within longitudinal studies, especially protocols involving cohorts that are more vulnerable to attrition due to developmental transitions and/or socioeconomic challenges. Additional efforts to optimize quantitative and qualitative measurement of barriers would also help to expand our understanding of how to optimally retain participants in longitudinal protocols.

Dataset Information

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the TODAY Study.

Objective

Research design and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the TODAY Study.

Similar Datasets

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