Dataset Information

Rootstock effects on scion phenotypes in a 'Chambourcin' experimental vineyard.

ABSTRACT: Understanding how root systems modulate shoot system phenotypes is a fundamental question in plant biology and will be useful in developing resilient agricultural crops. Grafting is a common horticultural practice that joins the roots (rootstock) of one plant to the shoot (scion) of another, providing an excellent method for investigating how these two organ systems affect each other. In this study, we used the French-American hybrid grapevine 'Chambourcin' (Vitis L.) as a model to explore the rootstock-scion relationship. We examined leaf shape, ion concentrations, and gene expression in 'Chambourcin' grown ungrafted as well as grafted to three different rootstocks ('SO4', '1103P' and '3309C') across 2 years and three different irrigation treatments. We found that a significant amount of the variation in leaf shape could be explained by the interaction between rootstock and irrigation. For ion concentrations, the primary source of variation identified was the position of a leaf in a shoot, although rootstock and rootstock by irrigation interaction also explained a significant amount of variation for most ions. Lastly, we found rootstock-specific patterns of gene expression in grafted plants when compared to ungrafted vines. Thus, our work reveals the subtle and complex effect of grafting on 'Chambourcin' leaf morphology, ionomics, and gene expression.

SUBMITTER: Migicovsky Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6491602 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rootstock effects on scion phenotypes in a 'Chambourcin' experimental vineyard.

Migicovsky Zoë Z Harris Zachary N ZN Klein Laura L LL Li Mao M McDermaid Adam A Chitwood Daniel H DH Fennell Anne A Kovacs Laszlo G LG Kwasniewski Misha M Londo Jason P JP Ma Qin Q Miller Allison J AJ

Horticulture research 20190501

Understanding how root systems modulate shoot system phenotypes is a fundamental question in plant biology and will be useful in developing resilient agricultural crops. Grafting is a common horticultural practice that joins the roots (rootstock) of one plant to the shoot (scion) of another, providing an excellent method for investigating how these two organ systems affect each other. In this study, we used the French-American hybrid grapevine 'Chambourcin' (<i>Vitis</i> L.) as a model to explor ...[more]

PMID: 31069086

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Project description:To understand the roles of Malus rootstock, scion, and their interaction in Cd accumulation and tolerance, four scion/rootstock combinations consisting of the apple cultivars "Hanfu" (HF) and "Fuji" (FJ) grafted onto M. baccata (Mb) or M. micromalus "qingzhoulinqin" (Mm) rootstocks differing in relative Cd tolerance were exposed either to 0 µM or 50 µM CdCl2 for 18 d. Cd accumulation and tolerance in grafted Malus plants varied within rootstock, scion, and rootstock-scion interaction. Cd-induced decreases in photosynthesis, photosynthetic pigment level, and biomass were lower for HF grafted onto Mb than those for HF grafted onto Mm. Reductions in growth and photosynthetic rate were always the lowest for HF/Mb. Cd concentration, bioconcentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (Tf ) were always comparatively higher in HF and FJ grafted onto rootstock Mm than in HF and FJ grafted on Mb, respectively. When HF and FJ were grafted onto the same rootstock, the root Cd concentrations were always higher in HF than FJ, whereas the shoot Cd concentrations displayed the opposite trend. The shoot Cd concentrations and Tf were lower for HF/Mb than the other scion/rootstock combinations. Rootstock, scion, and rootstock-scion interaction also affected subcellular Cd distribution. Immobilization of Cd in the root cell walls may be a primary Cd mobility and toxicity reduction strategy in Malus. The rootstock and scion also had statistically significant influences on ROS level and antioxidant activity. Cd induced more severe oxidative stress in HF and FJ grafted onto Mm than it did in HF and FJ grafted onto Mb. Compared with FJ, HF had lower foliar O2 -, root H2O2, and root and leaf MDA levels, but higher ROS-scavenging capacity. The rootstock, scion, and rootstock-scion interaction affected the mRNA transcript levels of several genes involved in Cd uptake, transport, and detoxification including HA7, FRO2-like, NRAMP1, NRAMP3, HMA4, MT2, NAS1, and ABCC1. Hence, the responses of grafted Malus plants to Cd toxicity vary with rootstock, scion, and rootstock-scion interaction.

Project description:Grafting is a well-established practice for grapevine to facilitate propagation of productive and tolerant cultivars against several stress factors. It is also considered to be a suitable method for studying molecular aspects of root-to-shoot and/or shoot-to-root signaling events. So far, controlling only effect of rootstock over scion was investigated and root-to-shoot transcriptomic alterations were fallowed on the scions or graft interfaces. The objective of this study was to investigate transcriptomic and physiological influence of scion on the rootstock under drought stress. Therefore, drought tolerant 110R rootstock were firstly grafted with sultana seedless and tested under drought stress with its non-grafted counterpart. The results of treatment indicated that grafted 110R performed the highest root elongation under drought. We carried out a microarray based transcriptome analysis on the roots of grafted and non-grafted 110R to explain this drought derived interaction through scion-to-rootstock. The highest expression increase under drought was recorded for sugar (SWEET) and nitrate or di/tri-peptide (NRT1/ PTR FAMILY) transporter proteins. Expression level of these genes was more highly increased in grafted 110R than its non-grafted counterpart. This situation indicated their potential role in drought tolerance and scion/rootstock harmony. Overexpression of these transporters attributed to increased amount of released nutrient and nitrogen source from abscised leaves of sultana seedless under drought. Remobilization of these rich sources was suggested to chance transcriptomic response of rootstocks and enabled much better growth in grafted 110R. Other transcripts annotated to cell wall modification enzymes (chitinases), osmoregulator proteins (dehydrins, proline-glycine rich proteins) and secondary metabolites (stilbene synthase) were also more highly induced in grafted 110R. This is the first report indicating transcriptomic influence of scion on the grapevine rootstocks and representing the genes responsible in scion/rootstock harmony and drought tolerance.

Dataset Information

Rootstock effects on scion phenotypes in a 'Chambourcin' experimental vineyard.

Publications

Rootstock effects on scion phenotypes in a 'Chambourcin' experimental vineyard.

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