Dataset Information

Early Recanalization Postintravenous Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke with Large Vessel Occlusion: A Digital Subtraction Angiography Study.

ABSTRACT: AIMS:We aimed to evaluate early recanalization postintravenous (i.v.) tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO). METHODS:We performed baseline CT angiography to identify LVO in AIS. Recanalization pre- and post-intra-arterial therapy (IAT) was categorized to none, partial, and global recanalization (GR). Modified Rankin Scale score ?2 at 3 months was considered a favorable outcome. RESULTS:Among 1610 patients with AIS, 286 received IV t-PA. Of these, 55 patients with LVO were included. The median time from IV t-PA to DSA was 120 min (interquartile range, 79-152). Recanalization post-IV t-PA was observed in seven patients (12.7%). By occlusion sites, the recanalization rates were as follows: extracranial internal carotid artery 2 of 14 (14.3%); intracranial internal carotid artery 3 of 24 (12.5%); M1 of middle cerebral artery 3 of 39 (7.7%); M2 of middle cerebral artery 1 of 40 (2.5%); vertebral artery 0 of 4; and basilar artery 0 of 7. GR post-IAT was associated with favorable outcomes (odds ratio: 8.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-48.0; P = 0.014). CONCLUSION:Early recanalization assessed by DSA post-IV t-PA is rarely observed in acute ischemic stroke patients with LVO.

SUBMITTER: Mao YT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6492813 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Early Recanalization Postintravenous Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke with Large Vessel Occlusion: A Digital Subtraction Angiography Study.

Mao Yi-Ting YT Mitchell Peter P Churilov Leonid L Dowling Richard R Dong Qiang Q Yan Bernard B

CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 20160511 8

<h4>Aims</h4>We aimed to evaluate early recanalization postintravenous (i.v.) tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO).<h4>Methods</h4>We performed baseline CT angiography to identify LVO in AIS. Recanalization pre- and post-intra-arterial therapy (IAT) was categorized to none, partial, and global recanalization (GR). Modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 at 3 months was considered a favorable outcome.< ...[more]

PMID: 27165451

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To compare assessment of collaterals by single-phase computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) and CT perfusion-derived 3-phase CTA, multiphase CTA and temporal maximum-intensity projection (tMIP) images to digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and relate collateral assessments to clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS:Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent CT perfusion, CTA, and DSA before thrombectomy with occlusion of the internal carotid artery, the M1 or the M2 segments were included. Two observers assessed all CT images and one separate observer assessed DSA (reference standard) with static and dynamic (modified American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology) collateral grading methods. Interobserver agreement and concordance were quantified with Cohen-weighted ? and concordance correlation coefficient, respectively. Imaging assessments were related to clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale, ? 2). RESULTS:Interobserver agreement (n = 101) was 0.46 (tMIP), 0.58 (3-phase CTA), 0.67 (multiphase CTA), and 0.69 (single-phase CTA) for static assessments and 0.52 (3-phase CTA) and 0.54 (multiphase CTA) for dynamic assessments. Concordance correlation coefficient (n = 80) was 0.08 (3-phase CTA), 0.09 (single-phase CTA), and 0.23 (multiphase CTA) for static assessments and 0.10 (3-phase CTA) and 0.27 (multiphase CTA) for dynamic assessments. Higher static collateral scores on multiphase CTA (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.7) and tMIP images (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.4) were associated with modified Rankin Scale of 2 or less as were higher modified American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology scores on 3-phase CTA (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2) and multiphase CTA (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6). CONCLUSIONS:Concordance between assessments on CT and DSA was poor. Collateral status evaluated on 3-phase CTA and multiphase CTA, but not on DSA, was associated with clinical outcome.

Project description:Background and Purpose- Accurate prediction of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by anterior large vessel occlusion (LVO) that is amendable to mechanical thrombectomy remains a challenge. We developed and validated a prediction model for anterior circulation LVO stroke using past medical history elements present on admission and neurological examination. Methods- We retrospectively reviewed AIS patients admitted between 2009 and 2017 to 3 hospitals within a large healthcare system in the United States. Patients with occlusions of the internal carotid artery or M1 or M2 segments of the middle cerebral artery were randomly split into 2/3 derivation and 1/3 validation cohorts for development of an anterior circulation LVO prediction model and score that was further curtailed for potential use in the prehospital setting. Results- A total of 1654 AIS were reviewed, including 248 (15%) with proximal anterior circulation LVO AIS. In the derivation cohort, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at the time of cerebrovascular imaging, current smoking status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, extracranial carotid, and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis was significantly associated with anterior circulation LVO stroke. The prehospital score was curtailed to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, current smoking status, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The areas under the curve for the prediction model, prehospital score, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score alone were 0.796, 0.757, and 0.725 for the derivation cohort and 0.770, 0.689, and 0.665 for the validation cohort, respectively. The Youden index J was 0.46 for a score of >6 with 84.7% sensitivity and 62.0% specificity for the prediction model. Conclusions- Previously reported LVO stroke prediction scores focus solely on elements of the neurological examination. In addition to stroke severity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, extracranial carotid, and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis were associated with anterior circulation LVO AIS. Although atherosclerotic stenosis may not be known until imaging is obtained, smoking and diabetes mellitus history can be readily obtained in the field and represent important elements of the prehospital score supplementing National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score.

Project description:BackgroundNeuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and peripheral leukocyte counts have proved to be independent predictors of stroke severity and outcomes. Clinical significance of large vessel occlusion (LVO) in AIS is increasing, as these patients are potential candidates for endovascular thrombectomy and likely to have worse outcomes if not treated urgently. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between on admission leukocyte counts and the presence of LVO in the early phase of AIS.MethodsWe have conducted a cross-sectional, observational study based on a registry of consecutive AIS patients admitted up to 4.5 h after stroke onset. Blood samples were taken at admission and leukocyte counts were measured immediately. The presence of LVO was verified based on the computed tomography angiography scan on admission.ResultsTotal white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in patients with LVO than those without LVO (P < 0.001 respectively). After adjustment for potential confounders total WBC counts (adjusted OR: 1.405 per 1 × 109/L increase, 95% CI: 1.209 to 1.632) and neutrophil counts (adjusted OR: 1.344 per 1 × 109/L increase, 95% CI: 1.155 to 1.564) were found to have the strongest associations with the presence of LVO. Total WBC and neutrophil counts had moderate ability to discriminate an LVO in AIS (AUC: 0.667 and 0.655 respectively). No differences were recorded in leukocyte counts according to the size of the occluded vessel and the status of collateral circulation in the anterior vascular territory. However, total WBC and neutrophil counts tended to be higher in patients with LVO in the posterior circulation (p = 0.005 and 0.010 respectively).ConclusionHigher admission total WBC and neutrophil counts are strongly associated with the presence of LVO and has moderate ability to discriminate an LVO in AIS. Detailed evaluation of stroke-evoked inflammatory mechanisms and changes according to the presence of LVO demands further investigation.

Dataset Information

Early Recanalization Postintravenous Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke with Large Vessel Occlusion: A Digital Subtraction Angiography Study.

Publications

Early Recanalization Postintravenous Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke with Large Vessel Occlusion: A Digital Subtraction Angiography Study.

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