Dataset Information

The Potential Effect of Different Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Genes and Disease.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

The chromosomal aberrations induced by radiation appear about nonrandomly distributed across the whole genome. Previous studies have shown that chromosomes with high DNA content are less frequently involved in the formation of symmetrical translocations and dicentric chromosomes than expected, whereas smaller chromosomes are more frequently involved. We hypothesized that these translocation regions are linked to radiation sensitivity.

Materials and methods

We investigated the frequencies of chromosome translocations induced by radiation exposure and adjusted the results according to chromosome length. We specifically analyzed whole blood samples from 3 participants. The samples were irradiated using ⁶⁰Co at doses of 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 Gy. Traditional Giemsa-trypsin-Wright band staining was performed to identify the translocations in the chromosomes, and results were compared with microarray data generated in our previous study.

Results

Our analysis indicated that chromosomes 9q were the most sensitive to translocations after various doses of radiation, and such translocations occurred in the euchromatin region. Chromosomes 1, 9, 15, and 17 were more sensitive to radiation doses of 0.5 Gy. This observation could be useful when selecting sensitive reference chromosomes in the low-dose region. The results of expression profiling analysis for radiation-sensitive regions were similar to those of chromosome translocation analysis.

Conclusion

This study shows that some chromosomes or genomic regions are more sensitive to alteration by radiation exposure.

SUBMITTER: Lin CC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6503608 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr-Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The Potential Effect of Different Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Genes and Disease.

Lin Cheng-Chia CC Wu Lawrence Shih-Hsin LS Lee Kuei-Fang KF

Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society 20190401 2

<h4>Aim</h4>The chromosomal aberrations induced by radiation appear about nonrandomly distributed across the whole genome. Previous studies have shown that chromosomes with high DNA content are less frequently involved in the formation of symmetrical translocations and dicentric chromosomes than expected, whereas smaller chromosomes are more frequently involved. We hypothesized that these translocation regions are linked to radiation sensitivity.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We investigated the ...[more]

PMID: 31105480

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Project description:Understanding the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on plants is important for environmental protection, for agriculture and horticulture, and for space science but plants have significant biological differences to the animals from which much relevant knowledge is derived. The effects of IR on plants are understood best at acute high doses because there have been; (a) controlled experiments in the field using point sources, (b) field studies in the immediate aftermath of nuclear accidents, and (c) controlled laboratory experiments. A compilation of studies of the effects of IR on plants reveals that although there are numerous field studies of the effects of chronic low doses on plants, there are few controlled experiments that used chronic low doses. Using the Bradford-Hill criteria widely used in epidemiological studies we suggest that a new phase of chronic low-level radiation research on plants is desirable if its effects are to be properly elucidated. We emphasize the plant biological contexts that should direct such research. We review previously reported effects from the molecular to community level and, using a plant stress biology context, discuss a variety of acute high- and chronic low-dose data against Derived Consideration Reference Levels (DCRLs) used for environmental protection. We suggest that chronic low-level IR can sometimes have effects at the molecular and cytogenetic level at DCRL dose rates (and perhaps below) but that there are unlikely to be environmentally significant effects at higher levels of biological organization. We conclude that, although current data meets only some of the Bradford-Hill criteria, current DCRLs for plants are very likely to be appropriate at biological scales relevant to environmental protection (and for which they were intended) but that research designed with an appropriate biological context and with more of the Bradford-Hill criteria in mind would strengthen this assertion. We note that the effects of IR have been investigated on only a small proportion of plant species and that research with a wider range of species might improve not only the understanding of the biological effects of radiation but also that of the response of plants to environmental stress.

Dataset Information

The Potential Effect of Different Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Genes and Disease.

Aim

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The Potential Effect of Different Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Genes and Disease.

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