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Associations of sleep patterns with metabolic syndrome indices, body composition, and energy intake in children and adolescents.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Self-reported short sleep duration is associated with greater risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), obesity, and higher energy intake (EI). However, studies of these associations in children using objective methods are sparse. OBJECTIVES:The study aims to determine the associations for sleep patterns with MetS indices, body composition, and EI using objective measures in children. METHODS:Free-living sleep and physical activity were measured in 125 children (aged 8-17 years, BMI z = 0.57 ± 1.0, 55% female) using wrist-worn actigraphs for 14 nights. Blood pressure, fasting blood levels of lipids, insulin, glucose, waist circumference, and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]) were obtained during outpatient visits. EI was assessed during an ad libitum buffet meal. RESULTS:Later weekday and weekend bedtimes were associated with higher systolic blood pressure (Ps < 0.05). Sleep duration and bedtime were not significantly associated with other components of MetS, body composition, or EI. Short sleepers (duration less than 7 hours) consumed a greater percentage of carbohydrates than those with adequate (greater than or equal to 7 hours) sleep (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Indicators of sleep duration were variably associated with children's eating patterns and risk for chronic disease. Prospective data are needed to determine whether these indicators of sleep quality represent unique or shared risk factors for poor health outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Mi SJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6504608 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations of sleep patterns with metabolic syndrome indices, body composition, and energy intake in children and adolescents.

Mi Sarah J SJ Kelly Nichole R NR Brychta Robert J RJ Grammer Anne Claire AC Jaramillo Manuela M Chen Kong Y KY Fletcher Laura A LA Bernstein Shanna B SB Courville Amber B AB Shank Lisa M LM Pomeroy Jeremy J JJ Brady Sheila M SM Broadney Miranda M MM Tanofsky-Kraff Marian M Yanovski Jack A JA

Pediatric obesity 20190131 6

<h4>Background</h4>Self-reported short sleep duration is associated with greater risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), obesity, and higher energy intake (EI). However, studies of these associations in children using objective methods are sparse.<h4>Objectives</h4>The study aims to determine the associations for sleep patterns with MetS indices, body composition, and EI using objective measures in children.<h4>Methods</h4>Free-living sleep and physical activity were measured in 125 children (aged 8 ...[more]

PMID: 30702801

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests anthropometric indicators of obesity are associated with changes in sleep quality and quantity, and the presence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Investigations including diverse and objective evaluations of sleep and body composition are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the associations between indicators of sleep impairment and body composition states in a sample from a population-based study. METHODS:Participants of the first follow-up of the EPISONO (São Paulo, Brazil) >50 years were cross-sectionally evaluated. Sleep was assessed through questionnaires, actigraphy, and polysomnography. Body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted for body mass index defined sarcopenia (men <0.789 and women <0.512). Total body fat defined obesity (men >30% and women >40%). The overlap between both conditions defined sarcopenic obesity (SO). Final results were obtained by multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS:Three hundred fifty-nine adults [mean (standard deviation) age, 61 (8.8) years; 212 (59.1%) female] were enrolled. Obesity was detected in 22.6% of the sample, sarcopenia in 5.6%, and SO in 16.2%. After controlling for covariates, OSA was associated with SO [odds ratio = 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.49-6.61]. Additionally, nocturnal hypoxaemia was associated with both obesity (adjusted odds ratio = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.49-4.49) and SO (odds ratio = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.39-6.13). Other indicators of poor sleep/sleep disorders were not associated with body composition states. CONCLUSIONS:Sarcopenic obesity but not obesity alone was associated with OSA. Both obesity and SO but not sarcopenia were associated with nocturnal hypoxaemia. The findings suggest a complex pathophysiologic relationship between adverse body composition states and OSA. Upcoming research on risk factors and therapeutic interventions for OSA should target synchronically the lean and adipose body tissues.

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Project description:Endurance athletes perform periodized training in order to prepare for main competitions and maximize performance. However, the coupling between alterations of total energy expenditure (TEE), energy intake, and body composition during different seasonal training phases is unclear. So far, no systematic review has assessed fluctuations in TEE, energy intake, and/or body composition in endurance athletes across the training season. The purpose of this study was to (1) systematically analyze TEE, energy intake, and body composition in highly trained athletes of various endurance disciplines and of both sexes and (2) analyze fluctuations in these parameters across the training season.An electronic database search was conducted on the SPORTDiscus and MEDLINE (January 1990-31 January 2015) databases using a combination of relevant keywords. Two independent reviewers identified potentially relevant studies. Where a consensus was not reached, a third reviewer was consulted. Original research articles that examined TEE, energy intake, and/or body composition in 18-40-year-old endurance athletes and reported the seasonal training phases of data assessment were included in the review. Articles were excluded if body composition was assessed by skinfold measurements, TEE was assessed by questionnaires, or data could not be split between the sexes. Two reviewers assessed the quality of studies independently. Data on subject characteristics, TEE, energy intake, and/or body composition were extracted from the included studies. Subjects were categorized according to their sex and endurance discipline and each study allocated a weight within categories based on the number of subjects assessed. Extracted data were used to calculate weighted means and standard deviations for parameters of TEE, energy intake, and/or body composition.From 3589 citations, 321 articles were identified as potentially relevant, with 82 meeting all of the inclusion criteria. TEE of endurance athletes was significantly higher during the competition phase than during the preparation phase (p?<?0.001) and significantly higher than energy intake in both phases (p?<?0.001). During the competition phase, both body mass and fat-free mass were significantly higher compared to other seasonal training phases (p?<?0.05).Limitations of the present study included insufficient data being available for all seasonal training phases and thus low explanatory power of single parameters. Additionally, the classification of the different seasonal training phases has to be discussed. Male and female endurance athletes show important training seasonal fluctuations in TEE, energy intake, and body composition. Therefore, dietary intake recommendations should take into consideration other factors including the actual training load, TEE, and body composition goals of the athlete.

Dataset Information

Associations of sleep patterns with metabolic syndrome indices, body composition, and energy intake in children and adolescents.

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Associations of sleep patterns with metabolic syndrome indices, body composition, and energy intake in children and adolescents.

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